1. Chapter 6

2. Nomenclature Alkane Alkene Alkyne Cycloalkane Halide Phenyl Carboxylic Acid Alcohol Ether Amine Thioether Thiol

3. Alcohol Nomenclature 1) Find the longest carbon chain containing the alcohol 2) Start numbering from the end closest to the alcohol 3) Finish with -ol as the suffix (takes priority over -ene & -yne) 2-pentanol hydroxyl group

4. Alcohol Nomenclature 1,2-ethanediol ethylene glycol 1,2,3-propanetriol glycerine

5. Amine Nomenclature 1) Name all of the substituents coming off the nitrgoen (ignore hydrogens) 2) Place them in alphabetical order add a space then amine methylpropyl amine Best way to name amines until the structures become too complicated

6. Alternative Amine Nomenclature 1) Find the longest carbon chain containing the amine 2) Start numbering from the end closest to the amine 3) Finish with -amine as the suffix (does NOT take priority over -ol, -ene, or -yne) 2-pentanamine amino group

7. Amine Nomenclature primary amine secondary amine tertiary amine ammonium ion Figure 6.29

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9. Ether Nomenclature 1) Name both substituents coming off the oxygen 2) Place them in alphabetical order add a space then ether methylpropyl ether methoxy group ethoxy group propoxy group

10. Thiol Nomenclature 1) Find the longest carbon chain containing the thiol 2) Start numbering from the end closest to the thiol 3) Name normally then add thiol to the end 2-pentanethiol mercapto group disulfide

11. Thioether Nomenclature 1) Name both substituents coming off the sulfur 2) Place them in alphabetical order add a space then sulfide methylpropyl sulfide

12. Solvents in Organic Chemistry Adapted from: Lowry, T. H.; Richardson, K. S. Mechanism and Theory in Organic Chemistry, 3rd ed.; New York: Harper & Row, 1987.

13. Solvation

14. Acid-Base Properties of Alcohols pKapKa pKapKa R = H R = CH 3 R = CH 2 CH 3 R = C(CH 3 ) 3 -1.74 15.7 -2.2 -1.9 -2.6 15.5 15.9 17

15. Acid-Base Properties of Amines Amine pKapKa 9.24 10.63 10.78 9.80

16. Activation of Alkyl Halides

17. Nitrogen Inversion