1. Tom Jenkins, Professor Department of Animal & Veterinary Sciences Feed Lipids: Nomenclature & Analysis

2. 6 Basic Nutrient Classes Water Protein Carbohydrates Vitamins Minerals Lipids

3. Feed Lipids: Nomenclature & Analysis Class Objectives Define simple and compound lipids and give examples of each. Describe how feeds are analyzed for lipids. Describe the difference between fatty acid content and fatty acid composition. Describe the basic structure of fatty acids and how they are named.

4. Feed Lipids: Nomenclature & Analysis Lipid Classes Nonglycerol-based Waxes, Alkanes Glycerol-based Simple – glycerol + fatty acids Compound – glycerol + fatty acids + other nutrient

5. Feed Lipids: Nomenclature & Analysis Glycerol – anchor to build lipids H H CH OHOH CH OHOH CH OHOH

6. Feed Lipids: Nomenclature & Analysis Simple H H CH CH CH

7. Feed Lipids: Nomenclature & Analysis Simple H H CH CH CH

8. Feed Lipids: Nomenclature & Analysis Simple H H CH CH CH

9. Feed Lipids: Nomenclature & Analysis Compound H H CH CH CH Fatty Acids

10. Feed Lipids: Nomenclature & Analysis Compound H H CH CH CH Fatty Acids

11. Feed Lipids: Nomenclature & Analysis Solvent Extraction

12. Feed Lipids: Nomenclature & Analysis Compounds Extracted in Fat Test? Lipids  Nonglycerol-based  Waxes, Alkanes  Glycerol-based  Simple  Compound Non-lipid  Water  Fat-soluble vitamins  Pigments

13. Rumen Effects Energy Tissue Effects Lipids  Nonglycerol-based  Waxes, Alkanes  Glycerol-based  Simple  Compound Non-lipid  Water  Fat-soluble vitamins  Pigments Feed Lipids: Nomenclature & Analysis Compounds Extracted in Fat Test? Fatty Acids

14. From CPM for Dairy Feed Lipids: Nomenclature & Analysis Ether Extract vs. Fatty Acids FeedEther Extract (%)Fatty Acid (%) Alfalfa3.502.28 Corn Grain4.234.03 Corn Silage3.192.21

15. C Feed Lipids: Nomenclature & Analysis Structure of Fatty Acids? H OH HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH O

16. Feed Lipids: Nomenclature & Analysis Classifying Fatty Acids Number of Carbons  C2 – C5  C6 – C12  C14 – C>20 Number of Double Bonds  0 –  1 –  2 or more – Position of Double Bonds

17. Feed Lipids: Nomenclature & Analysis ω ∝ CH HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH O CH HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC HHHHHHHHHHHHH O Abbreviation: OH

18. Feed Lipids: Nomenclature & Analysis Common Fatty Acids in Feed H HHHHHHHHHHHHHHH CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC HHHHHHHHHHHHHHH C O

19. OH Feed Lipids: Nomenclature & Analysis Key Omega Fatty Acids CH HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC HHHHHHHHHHHHHHH O CH HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC HHHHHHHHHHHHH O CName: ω-

20. Feed Lipids: Nomenclature & Analysis Key Omega Fatty Acids CH OH HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC HHHHHHHHHHH O CName: ω- COOH

21. PALMQUIST, 1988 Feed Lipids: Nomenclature & Analysis Fatty Acid Content & Composition of Some Feedstuffs Feedstuff FA, %DM 16:018:018:118:218:3 Barley1.627.61.520.543.34.3 Corn3.216.32.630.947.82.3 Dehy Alfalfa1.428.53.86.518.439.0 Ryegrass4-711.91.02.214.668.2 Cottonseed18.625.32.817.153.20.1

22. Feed Lipids: Nomenclature & Analysis Key Points Fatty acids are the most important lipid fraction in feeds for animal health & production. Most feed fat analysis includes fatty acids plus other non-lipid compounds. Both fatty acid content and fatty acid composition are important. Wide differences in types of fatty acids and their sources.

23. Feed Lipids: Nomenclature & Analysis Questions & Answers The Fatty Acid Forum sponsored by