1. 5.5 Classification

2. Binomial System of Nomenclature System of classifying organisms based on two (“bi”), names (“nomial”), which are organized in a system (“nomenclature”) Ex: we are Homo sapiens – First word capitalized (refers to the genus) – Second word not capitalized (refers to the species) – Both words italicized when typed or underlined when handwritten – Typically words are Latin or Greek

3. This binomial nomenclature system for naming and organizing species was popularized by Carolus (Carl) Linnaeus Why should we organize organisms like this? – Helps make sense of the biosphere – Helps show evolutionary links – Helps predict characteristics shared by many members of a group – Keeps consistency between scientists of various areas, languages, cultures

4. The Seven Taxa The correct order for classifying organisms is Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species – Create a mnemonic device and write it in your notes so you can correctly remember the order

5. TaxaHuman KingdomAnimalia PhylumChordata ClassMammalia OrderPrimate FamilyHominidae GenusHomo Speciessapiens

6. Dichotomous Key A key or flowchart that is used by answering questions as yes or no in order to determine which order, genus, or species an organism belongs to

7. Dichotomous Key –Family: Candae 1a. Candy contains chocolate … 2 1b. Candy contains no chocolate … 5 2a. Candy contains nuts … 3 2b. Candy contains no nuts … 6 3a. Candy is square … Snickers 3b. Candy is rounded/circular … 4 4a. Candy contains pureed/smooth nuts … Reese Cup 4b. Candy contains large pieces of nuts … Almond Joy 5a. Candy is individually wrapped … Starburst 5b. Candy is not individually wrapped … Skittles 6a. Candy comes as bite-size pieces … M&M’s 6b. Candy comes as a whole bar … 7 7a. Candy contains caramel … Milky Way 7b. Candy contains fluffy nougat … 3 Musketeers

8. Homework: Our next assignment will be whiteboarding different plant and animal classifications and then sharing with the class. Your homework will be to take an organism within one of the classifications and create a dichotomous key for that organism. Your key must contain no fewer than 8 organisms. Dichotomous key due next class.

9. Whiteboarding Assignment With your assigned partner, whiteboard some simple external recognition features so that we can distinguish between the 10 different phyla. BryophytaFilicinophytaConiferophytaAngiospermophyta PoriferaCnidariaPlatyhelminthesAnnelida MolluscaArthropoda