1. Starting, Moving, and Stopping the Vehicle

2. Vehicle Operating Space

3. Outside the Vehicle Check path ahead and area around vehicle
Inspect windows and lights for cleanliness
Check tires
Check for fluid leaks beneath vehicle

4. Outside the Vehicle Make sure other drivers see you
Store items in trunk
Unlock only doors necessary to enter vehicle
Close and lock the doors after entering vehicle

5. Inside the Vehicle Checks and Adjustments
Key in ignition
Doors closed
Seats adjustments
Steering wheel adjusted
Mirrors adjusted
Head restraints adjusted
Safety belts on

6. Driver Seat Position Head rest in line with ears
Driver should be able to see ground about ft in front of vehicle
Shoulders no lower than top of steering wheel
12 inches
Hands about 9 & 3
Sit erect -butt pushed all the way back in seat
Arms relaxed
Seat belt snug -lap belt across pelvic area
With heel on floor the ball of the right foot pivots between gas and brake pedal.

7. Understanding Mirror Use Critical
630,000 Lane Change/Merge (LCM) crashes with 225 fatalities annually (NHTSA)
60% of drivers did not see the other vehicle, and about; 30% of drivers misjudged the position or speed of the other vehicle
Learn proper mirror use and develop habits of adjusting and using mirrors properly

8. Lazy Mirror View Right Side Mirror View Rear Mirror View
Left Side Mirror View
Lazy Mirror View

9. Adjusting the mirrors Inside mirror Driver’s side mirror
frames rear window-viewing possible without moving head
Driver’s side mirror
tilt head 3-5 inches toward left shoulder, adjust so that left rear corner of vehicle visible in right side of mirror
Passenger’s side mirror
adjust similarly
Know your blind spots!

10. Using the Mirrors

11. Properly Adjusted Mirrors

12. Safety restraints/safety belts
Purpose – protect occupants and keep in seat
Wearing shoulder/lap harness in a crash reduces your risk of being killed about 50%
KY had a secondary seat belt law (KY law)
Kentucky seatbelt usage averaged about 64%.
KY now has a Primary Law ($25.00 Fine)
Kentucky seatbelt usage averages about 80%.

13. Air Bags/ Occupant Restraint System
Adults
Sit in upright position
Positioning of belt low over pelvis
Reducing Your Risk of Injury in a Crash

14. Kentucky’s Primary Child Restraint Law
Children
Infant seat up to 20 lbs and at least one year old – in rear seat
Child seat, lbs and over one year old – in rear seat
Booster seat up to 60 lbs
KY has a primary child restraint law
Children under 40 inches must be secured in a federally approved car seat.
Police can and will stop you for non-compliance

15. Push-Pull-Feed Steering
Recommended
9 & 3 Hand Position
Both hands are on the wheel. While one hand pushes up or pulls down, the opposite hand slides up or down on the wheel.
Arms/wrists are clear of air bag, and offers good control of vehicle.

16. Poor Steering Techniques
“Hand Over Hand” Poses Danger in Air Bag Detonation
One Hand Offers Limited Evasive Steering

17. This sixteen year old was the operator of a vehicle involved in a low speed, rear end collision. She was improperly belted and was engaged in hand over hand steering.
Crash + 4 Hours
Crash + 1 Week

18. Fundamental Skills Smooth starts and stops Left and right turns
Recognizing total stopping distance from different speeds
Ability to judge time & distance at different speeds

19. Steering When Space is Limited
Use reference points
Be able to locate car within 3-6 inches of accuracy

20. Starting the Engine Check parking brake Place foot on brake pedal
Shift lever in Park
Turn ignition to ON position
Check Gauges
Set accessories, as appropriate (A/C, etc.)
Turn on headlights if no Daytime Running Lights
Allow 15 to 20 seconds engine warm up

21. Entering the Roadway Press firmly on brake pedal
Shift to appropriate gear(drive/reverse)
Lateral Move Process
Rearview mirror
Signal in direction of move
Side mirror in direction of move
Head check in direction of move
Select appropriate gap in traffic flow
Steer into lane
Target lane position
Accelerate gently
Attain roadway speed/ Establish 3 sec space cushion
Road Test Required Skill

22. Watch Your Path of Travel You Steer Where You Look
Search as far ahead as possible to identify potential conflicts (objects and areas of limited visibility).
Identify conditions that require a response or continuing attention. Identify an alternate path of travel and a stopping zone.

23. Exiting Traffic to Park
Identify space where you wish to park
Check traffic to the rear and sides
Signal direction of movement
Adjust accelerator/brake as needed
Apply steering input as necessary
Align parallel within 12 inches from curb or road edge within designated area (If off road, clear traveled portion of roadway)
Road Test Required Skill

24. Parking Shift gear selector to Park
Turn front wheels toward or away from side of road as appropriate- UCLA
Stop vehicle in a legal parking space
Set parking brake
Remove key (not required on road test)
Road Test Required Skill

25. Securing/Leaving Vehicle
Check mirrors and over shoulder for safe gap in traffic
When safe, exit vehicle and lock doors