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Published byPiers Woods Modified over 9 years ago
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From Warrior to Warrior-bureaucrat By the year 1400 aristocrat power is gone still in the capital The emperor is still the head of government in principle Support provided by ruling warrior clans Warrior control based on control of land
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The Mongol Invasions When Japan refused a tributary relationship The Mongols attacked First attack, 1274 A storm strikes the Mongol fleet, forcing it to retreat Second attack, 1281 A storm strikes after the Mongol landing These storms are the original kamikaze 神風
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Turbulence and power shift Government by warrior council Less and less able to hold on to power Eventually fails due to Fallout from the Mongol invasion Internal competition An attempted imperial restoration 1333, the Ashikaga clan takes power Rule based on relationships rather than land
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The rise of the Daimyō 大名 Rule by relationship gradually fails Power devolves to provincial warlords: the Daimyō 1485: Japan enters a period of disunity Daimyō struggle to maintain and expand holdings The “Era of Warring Provinces” Not all conflict, however The autonomous city of Sakai also appears
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The Three Unifiers: Nobunaga The first unifier: Oda Nobunaga Humble origins A fierce and charismatic warrior Burned Tendai headquarters Assassinated before he could complete unification
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The Three Unifiers: Hideyoshi The second unifier: Toyotomi Hideyoshi Also humble origins More skilled at management Embarked on ruinous invasion of the mainland Sought imperial ranks Died leaving no heir Administration left to a ruling council
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The Three Unifiers: Ieyasu The third unifier: Tokugawa Ieyasu Minamoto pedigree Solid power base in East Easily defeated challengers Established government in Edo Regularized oversight of warriors
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Tokugawa 徳川 administration How to control the daimyō? Public works and corvée requirements Alternate attendance system How to control the populace? A new kind of rule by status –Warrior –Farmer –Artisan –Merchant
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Tokugawa culture 1600-1868 Alternate attendance leads to commerce Peace leads to commerce Commerce leads to more urbanization Economic diversification Rise in literacy and popular publishing The figure of the townsman As in Love Suicide at Amijima
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