1. Many Rivers to One Ocean
HINDUISM:
Many Rivers to One Ocean

2. Assignments:
(due Fri, 9/24) View Fr. Spitzer’s YouTube refuting Hawking, & write 1-2 paragraph opinion for discussion in class

3. Assignments: (due Tues., 2/15) Read 41-45; do 45 A
(due Weds., 2/16) Read 45-48; do 48 C
(due Fri, 2/18) Read 48-53; Write 2 pghs: “What are the differences between Indian and Western ideas regarding occupation, activities & goals proper to one’s social status, age and place in life? What are the positive & negative aspects of each?

4. Assignments
(due Tues., 2/22) Read pp a; Written reflection (1-2 pghs): “Of the 3 paths to liberation, with which do you most connect? Why? Compare to your own faith?
(Weds.,2 /23) Read rest of Chapter, p. 61 onward/ prep for test
(Thurs.,2/24) “Are You Ready for some YOGA?!... Yeah, baby!!!
(Fri., 2/25) TEST on Ch. 3: Hinduism

5. Reality and Human Destiny
Brahman
Atman
Maya
Moksha

6. but endless are his aspects and endless are his names.
“There is only one God,
but endless are his aspects
and endless are his names.
Call him by any name and worship him
in any aspect that pleases you,
you are sure to see him.”
-Shri Ramakrishna

8. “Like drops of water in the ocean, we are all one.
We may appear to be different & distinct,
but during moments of deeper awareness
we realize that all is one.
Our true glory lies in recognizing the truth
of our inseparable identity
with all that is.”

9. Brahman “All is One”/ Reality as unity vs. duality (monism)
Indefinable, unknowable & limitless
“Neti, neti” (“Not this, not that”)
It is the very essence of everything and IS everything

10. Maya = illusion, blindness Seeing Parts vs. whole Many vs. the One
Separateness vs. connectedness

11. Atman The eternal Self… that is, Who you really, really are
And, since ALL is One Reality (Brahman), so are you!
Atman IS Brahman and Brahman is Atman

12. Moksha Liberation, release, salvation From what? How?
Maya… blindness to reality, to the way things really and simply are
How?
Ah… later! 

13. Reality & Human Destiny:
Samsara
Karma
Dharma

14. Samsara “wheel” of rebirth
Reincarnation (“taking on flesh again”) of individual soul
Sometimes called transmigration, or the passing of a soul from one life-form to another
Samsara ends when moksha is achieved

15. Karma Literally, “action” or “deeds” Moral law of cause & effect
Every action produces its justified effect
Permanently recorded energy
Only humans can affect their own karma

16. Dharma
Ethical duty or “right action”, according to divine order of reality
A total way of life vs. “code” of actions
Right action produces “good” karma

17. Hindu Castes Brahmin – priests Kshatriya – warriors & administrators
Vaishya – producers (farmers, merchants, artisans, etc.)
Shudra – servants & laborers
Untouchables – outcastes (Gandhi: “Harijan”: “God’s children”

18. Four Stages of Life Student Householder Forest Dweller
Wandering Ascetic (Sannyasin)

19. Student
Characterized by study of the Vedas and other sacred literature

20. Householder
Marked by pursuing a career and raising a family

21. Forest Dweller
Requiring retreat from worldly bonds to engage fully in the spiritual quest

22. Wandering Ascetic (Sannyasin)
Involving returning to society while remaining detached from social life

23. Four Goals of Life
Kama – pleasure is sought, but within the limits of dharma

24. Four Goals of Life
Artha – material success is sought, along with social power and prestige

25. Four Goals of Life
Dharma – harmony with dharma is the primary concern

26. Four Goals of Life
Moksha – the goal is to achieve the infinite being, awareness and bliss of liberation

27. Three Paths of Liberation
Karma Marga
Jnana Marga
Bhakti Marga

28. Karma Marga The “path of works” or “action”
For those who prefer active life
Also called “karma yoga” (yoga= “discipline” or “path”)
Focused on dharma

29. Jnana Marga The “path of knowledge”
For those who enjoy philosophy, learning & meditation
Also called jnana yoga
3 philosophical schools:
Vedanta
Sankhya
Yoga

30. Jnana Marga: Yoga Sometimes in a separate category (a 4th path)
“Hatha yoga”
Aimed at experience of samadhi (see pp )

31. Bhakti Marga The “Path of Devotion” Also called bhakti yoga
For those who are more naturally emotional
Focus: Personal devotion to gods/goddesses

32. Bhakti Marga Major gods/goddesses:
Brahma: Creator
Vishnu: Preserver
Shiva: Destroyer
Gods: not supreme “beings”, but “aspects” of Being Itself (Brahman)

34. Within You, Without You By George Harrison
We were talking
About the space between us all
And the people
Who hide themselves behind a wall of illusion
Never glimpse the truth
Then it’s far too late
When they pass away…

35. About the love we all could share To try our best to hold it there
We were talking
About the love we all could share
When we find it
To try our best to hold it there
With our love
We could save the world
If they only knew…

36. within yourself no one else can make you change
Try to realize
it’s all
within yourself no one else
can make you change
And to see you’re really only
very small and
Life flows on
within you and without you

37. about the love that’s gone so cold and the people
we were talking
about the love that’s gone so cold
and the people
who gain the world and lose their soul
they don’t know, they can’t see
are you one of them?

38. When you’ve seen beyond yourself then Within you and without you…
You may find
Peace of mind
Is waiting there
And the time will come
When you see
We’re all One,
And Life flows on
Within you and without you…