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Published byAriel Washington Modified over 9 years ago
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Hereditary Vs Environment The Debate Continues
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General Information n Inherited characteristics carried by genes –200,000 trillion n Genes are carried on chromosomes –23 pair –22pair of autosomes –1 pair sex-linked
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Genetics continued n Hereditary creates “likeness” n Not sameness –Ex. Fraternal twins –Brother & sister n Potential determined by hereditary n Environment impacts how close we get –Meet / exceed/ underachieve
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Genetic Terms n Genes are dominant or recessive n Rule --- Exception –Eye color n Control many factors –Eye shape/ color –Ear lobes –nose shape –Hair: color, thickness
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n Lip thickness n Widows peak n Tasters vs. non-tasters n New Born is something new/ unique n Eye color example
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Example n DADMOM n BbBb n Possibilities –BB Brown (pure) Homozygous Dominant –Bb Brown( mixed) Heterozygous –bB Brown (mixed0 Heterozygous –bb Blue (pure) Homozygous Recessive
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Eye Color n Phenotype –Chance for brown eyes 3:1 –What we see n Genotype –What is genetically present –1:2:1 n Green / Hazel eyes
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Eye Color n One blue/ one brown n Sporadic mutation –Identical twins –Other species
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Birth Rates n 106 males to 100 females n Age 20 equal n Age 50 100 Woman to 85 men n Age 85 Five woman to one man n Male ( XY)Female (XX) –Options 50/ 50 n Sex Linked Traits
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Sex Linked Traits n Color Blindness n Baldness n Hemophilia
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Old Wives Tales n Control or influence sex of the baby n Month conceived/ born n Eat sugar n Conception after menstration n Eat lots of meat
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Factors Affecting the Fetus n Maternal Nutrition n Maternal Infection n Drugs –Legal/ Prescribed –Illegal –RH Factor –Prematurity
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Prematurity n Smoking n Alcohol “ Fetal Alcohol Syndrome “ n Rates –Industrial vs. Third world –USA 7.6 % England 6.5 % –Japan 10% –India 35 %
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Miracle of Near Perfect Birth n Karotype n Genetic Aberrations –PKU –Sporadic Mutation –Marfan’s Syndrome –Down’s Syndrome
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Amniocentesis n Pre-Natal Diagnosis –Sonogram –Alpha Fetal Protein –Age 35 –Family History n Previous pregnancy n miscarriages n Fertility drugs
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Chromosomal Abnormalities n Deletion n Translocation : trisomy “21” n Ring Chromosome n Turners Syndrome (F) –no ovaries n Kleinfelders XXY Super male n Super Female XXX
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Summary n Genes n Familial Traits n Near perfect birth n Family history n Medicines n Diet n Exercise
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