1. CHAPTER 3.3 MIDDLE AND SOUTHERN COLONIES

2. The Middle Colonies New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Delaware Swedes, Dutch, English, Germans and Africans Religious Freedom Hudson and Delaware rivers supported shipping and commerce Rich soil and mild winters Favorable for farming and raising livestock

3. New Netherland Becomes New York In 1624, the Dutch West India Company founded the colony of New Netherland To attract people, they set up the patroon system: a person who brought 50 settlers to New Netherland in return for 50 acres and special privileges Peter Stuyvesant-governor, wanted to expand New Netherland Duke of York-sent by King Charles II to drive the Dutch out The Dutch surrender in 1664 and New Netherland becomes proprietary colony of New York with the Duke of York a the proprietor

4. Duke of York gives part of his claim to George Carteret and Lord John Berkeley in 1664 Becomes known as New Jersey Promise freedom of religion, large land grants and a representative assembly NEW JERSEY

5. Given to and named after William Penn by Charles II in 1681 Penn was a Quaker Used this land where Quakers could live how they wanted Welcomed different religions and ethnicities – religious freedom Wanted the Native Americans to be treated fairly In 1704, Penn granted the lower 3 counties their own assembly They eventually break away to form Delaware PennsylvaniaDelaware

6. Southern Colonies Virginia, Maryland, the Carolinas, and Georgia Soil and climate suitable for warm-weather crops (tobacco, rice, and indigo)

7. Maryland Established by Lord Baltimore in 1632 for Roman Catholics, but religious freedom was promised Economy based on tobacco, which required laborers who came as servants or slaves Very few women

8. The Carolinas Founded in 1663 Charles Town was the first town built (place of refuge for French Huguenots) Cut timber, raised cattle, traded with Native Americans Also grew rice and indigo – they used enslaved Africans and Native Americans Colonist overthrew proprietors or owners when they refused to help during a Spanish attack In 1729, Carolina became a royal colony (ruled by a governor appointed by the King) Split into North and South Carolina

9. Georgia Founded by James Oglethorpe in 1732 Refuge for debtors, military outpost against Spanish Florida and French Louisiana Settled by English, German, Swiss and Scottish All religions welcomed Made a royal colony in 1752