1. ATTEMPTS TO DETERMINE SOME PERFORMANCE INDICATORS IN THE QASMIEH RAS EL AIN IRRIGATION SCHEME- LEBANON K. Karaa, F. Karam and N. Tarabey WASAMED Workshop, Hammamat, Tunis, 26 June 2004

3. Generalities Qasmieh Ras-el- Ain Scheme is sited on south plain coastal area. Qasmieh Ras-el- Ain Scheme is sited on south plain coastal area. Divided in two Sectors according to source of water : Divided in two Sectors according to source of water : –Litani River :Qasmieh Sector –Ras el Ain springs (Vasques de Salamon): Ras el Ain Sector Constructed in 1944, Managed by LRA till 1974 Constructed in 1944, Managed by LRA till 1974 Rehabilitated in 1996-1999 Rehabilitated in 1996-1999 Actually : Actually : –1281 subscribers –Area of 3220 ha

4. Scheme Description Qasmieh : Qasmieh : –Small derivation dam (Zrariyeh ) on Litani River. On summer additional water is provided by the Qaraaoun Lac. –Main conveyor (8.2 Km ) –The divider (Partiteur) –Saida Branch (28.852 km) –Sour Branch(8.37) –Pumping station at the Litani embouchure to pump water of sources sited in River Bed ( water is collected by temporary rock dam). Ras el Ain: Ras el Ain: –Main Conveyor and divider (From Ras el Ain) –Ras El Ain North (4.3 km) –Ras El Ain South(&.5 km)

6. Situation before Rehabilitation 80 intakes by design, the number of intakes and openings reached, before the rehabilitation, about 587. 80 intakes by design, the number of intakes and openings reached, before the rehabilitation, about 587. Water is distributed by turns on canal sections. Turn (tour d ’ eau) is reaching up to 21 days at the tail end of the canals. Water is distributed by turns on canal sections. Turn (tour d ’ eau) is reaching up to 21 days at the tail end of the canals. Irrigated area was about 2800 ha Irrigated area was about 2800 ha Water consumption :63 M.C.M /Year (13 MCM/year from river bed, 10 by pumping,4 from Ras el ain Springs and 36 additional water from Qaraaoun Lac,) Water consumption :63 M.C.M /Year (13 MCM/year from river bed, 10 by pumping,4 from Ras el ain Springs and 36 additional water from Qaraaoun Lac,) Water consumption: 22,500 C.M./ha/year. Water consumption: 22,500 C.M./ha/year.

7. Rehabilitation Reparation of damaged parts of the canal and the pumping station. Reparation of damaged parts of the canal and the pumping station. Movable dam substituted the temporary rock dam. Movable dam substituted the temporary rock dam. Regulation: To maintain a constant water flow level in the main canals : Regulation: To maintain a constant water flow level in the main canals : –Construction of a compensating reservoir (1500 CM ). –Equip the Main Canal with flow regulators gates. –Both sides of the canal were raised by 20 to 40 cm. Replacing and reducing the number of water Intakes by constant discharge intakes (module à masque: 30,60,90 and 120l/s). Replacing and reducing the number of water Intakes by constant discharge intakes (module à masque: 30,60,90 and 120l/s).

8. Situation after the rehabilitation Irrigated area increase to 3220 ha (15%) Irrigated area increase to 3220 ha (15%) The water consumption fell to 40 MCM/year (12,492 C.M./ha/year). Only 13.5 MCM is Needed from Qaraaoun Lac. The water consumption fell to 40 MCM/year (12,492 C.M./ha/year). Only 13.5 MCM is Needed from Qaraaoun Lac. Water saving due to rehabilitation: 44.48% Water saving due to rehabilitation: 44.48% L RA adopts a water saving policy :Reduction in water tariffs up to 33% for farmers using trickle and sprinkle irrigation: Saving 30.02% versus traditional irrigation. Area equipped with modern techniques reach 333 ha. L RA adopts a water saving policy :Reduction in water tariffs up to 33% for farmers using trickle and sprinkle irrigation: Saving 30.02% versus traditional irrigation. Area equipped with modern techniques reach 333 ha.

9. Performance indicators Reference : Performance Indicators for Irrigation Canal System Managers or Water Users Associations; by David E. Nelson. Updated version of a presentation at the 18th International Congress on Irrigation and Drainage, Montreal Canada, 2002.

10. Water Delivery Performance Tail-end Supply Ratio :TSR = NS / NT NS is the number of days that sufficient water reached the end of the canal system. NS is the number of days that sufficient water reached the end of the canal system. NT is the total number of days the canal system was delivering water. NT is the total number of days the canal system was delivering water. TSR = 1 / Before Rehabilitation = 0.23 (in Average 3 days by turn every 13 days)

11. Water Delivery Performance Delivery Timeliness Ratio DTR = Nt/NT Nt is the number of orders where water was delivered within the target time. NT is the total number of orders (from the individual water order records) NT is the total number of orders (from the individual water order records) Actually DTR= 0.94

12. Water Delivery Performance Water Delivery Flexibility Index WDF =Frequency rating + Flow rate rating + Duration rating Every Rating is qualitatively quoted from 1 to 5 Every Rating is qualitatively quoted from 1 to 5 Frequency rating : Frequency rating : 1 - Always a fixed rotation 2 - Fixed rotation with trading, or limited frequency, or fixed rotation during peak season only. 3 - 24 hours or more advance notice required before delivery is made 4 - Less than 24 hours advance notice required before delivery 5 - Farmer does not need to notify district before delivery 1 - Always a fixed rotation 2 - Fixed rotation with trading, or limited frequency, or fixed rotation during peak season only. 3 - 24 hours or more advance notice required before delivery is made 4 - Less than 24 hours advance notice required before delivery 5 - Farmer does not need to notify district before delivery QRA : 1 Before and 3 after Rehabilitation QRA : 1 Before and 3 after Rehabilitation

13. Water Delivery Performance ( Water Delivery Flexibility Index ) Flow rate rating Flow rate rating 1 - Same flow rate must always be delivered 2 - Several flow rates are allowed during the season 3 - A different flow rate is available each irrigation, with up to 2 changes per irrigation allowed. 4 - Flow rate can be changed any time, provided advance notice is given to the district. 5 - Flow rates can be different and changed by the farmer without giving advance notice to the district. QRA : 1 after and before Rehabilitation 1 - Same flow rate must always be delivered 2 - Several flow rates are allowed during the season 3 - A different flow rate is available each irrigation, with up to 2 changes per irrigation allowed. 4 - Flow rate can be changed any time, provided advance notice is given to the district. 5 - Flow rates can be different and changed by the farmer without giving advance notice to the district. QRA : 1 after and before Rehabilitation

14. Water Delivery Performance (Water Delivery Flexibility Index ) Duration rating 1 - Management assigns a fixed duration of irrigation. 2 - District assigns a fixed duration, but allows some flexibility. 3 - Farmers must select a duration with a 24 hour increment 4 - Farmers can choose any duration, but must give notice before changing 5 - Farmers can have any duration, with no advance notice required before changing Duration rating 1 - Management assigns a fixed duration of irrigation. 2 - District assigns a fixed duration, but allows some flexibility. 3 - Farmers must select a duration with a 24 hour increment 4 - Farmers can choose any duration, but must give notice before changing 5 - Farmers can have any duration, with no advance notice required before changing QRA : 2 after and before Rehabilitation QRA : 2 after and before Rehabilitation

15. Water Delivery Performance (Water Delivery Flexibility) Situation Frequency rating Flow rate rating Duration rating Water Delivery Flexibility Before Rehabilit ation 1124 After Rehabilit ation 3126

16. Financial Performance Fee Collection Performance FCP = FC/FA FC is the annual amount of water charges collected. FC is the annual amount of water charges collected. FA is the annual amount of water charges assessed. FA is the annual amount of water charges assessed. After rehabilitation, FCP is Varying from 0.80 to 0.92 indicating a high performance.

17. Financial Performance Maintenance Budget Ratio MBR = EM/EO&M EM is the average annual expenditures for maintenance. EO&M is average annual expenditures for both operation and maintenance. Between 1998 and 2002 the MBR was decreased from 0.12 to 0.02 due to rehabilitation.

18. Financial Performance Personnel Cost Ratio PCR = EP/ET EP is annual expenditures on personnel (wages, fringe benefits, training, etc.). ET is total annual expenditures. PCR = 0.86 (Optimum values in the range of 50-60%)

19. Financial Performance Manpower Numbers MNR = NS/AT NS is number of staff (full-time equivalent) AT is total irrigated area NR = 15.32 person/1000 ha. It is a high index (MNR varies between 1 in USA to 20 in Nigeria) The two previous indicators show an over staffing.

20. Financial Performance Financial Self Sufficiency FSS = IF/ET IF is income from water user fees ET is total annual expenditures FSS = 0.85 A minimal effort is needed to reach self sufficiency: - Slight increase in water tarification - Better use and distribution of the human resources - More performance in fees collection

21. Sustainability Performance Sustainability of Irrigated Area SIA= AC/AI AC is current total irrigated area AC is current total irrigated area AI is total irrigated area when system development was completed(4000 ha). AI is total irrigated area when system development was completed(4000 ha). SIA=0.81 After and 0.7 Before rehabilitation

22. Thank You