1. A Bridge to a Sustainable Energy Future A B RIDGE TO U NIVERSAL E NERGY A CCESS Electrification Planning and Technology Options: the Case of Latin America Xiaoping Wang @ Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar May 31, 2013 1

2. A Bridge to a Sustainable Energy Future A B RIDGE TO U NIVERSAL E NERGY A CCESS 2 Evolution of LAC Electricity Access: 1970-2010 Source: IDB/OLADE

3. A Bridge to a Sustainable Energy Future A B RIDGE TO U NIVERSAL E NERGY A CCESS 3 Electricity Coverage Varies by Country: 2010 Source: IDB/OLADE

4. A Bridge to a Sustainable Energy Future A B RIDGE TO U NIVERSAL E NERGY A CCESS 4 Note: Size of bubble denotes number of slum dwellers (Million, 2010) Source: UN Habitat Data Base Urbanization and Slum Dwellers Pose Lose-lose Challenges for Both Users and Service Providers

5. A Bridge to a Sustainable Energy Future A B RIDGE TO U NIVERSAL E NERGY A CCESS 5 Access to Electricity is a High Political Priority in LAC Vision—Social Electrification Intermediate Goals Dedicated Institutions Mechanisms for Keeping Strategies Updated

6. A Bridge to a Sustainable Energy Future A B RIDGE TO U NIVERSAL E NERGY A CCESS 6 Countries with various rates of electrification have developed planning and implementation capacity TypologyCountryProgram Low Access NicaraguaNational Electrification and Renewable Energy Program (PNESER) National Fund for the Development of the Electricity Industry (FODIEN) National electrification target: 84% (2017) HondurasNational Electrification Plan (PLANARES) – to be updated Social Electrification Fund (FOSODE) National electrification target: 80% (2015) Bolivia“Electricity for a Decent Living” Program Rural electrification target: 70% (2015); Universal (2025) Urban electrification target: Universal (2015) Medium Access PeruNational Rural Electrification Plan (PNER) Cooperation Fund for Social Development (FONCODES) Rural electrification target: 95.8% (2022) High Access Brazil“Electricity for All” Program National electrification target: Universal (2015)

7. A Bridge to a Sustainable Energy Future A B RIDGE TO U NIVERSAL E NERGY A CCESS 7 Off-grid applications are integrated into national electrification plans because of… Social Equity Balanced Regional Development Pre-electrification – bicycle vs. Mercedes

8. A Bridge to a Sustainable Energy Future A B RIDGE TO U NIVERSAL E NERGY A CCESS 8

9. 9 Different Technology Options are Taken into Account in Least Cost Electrification Planning

10. A Bridge to a Sustainable Energy Future A B RIDGE TO U NIVERSAL E NERGY A CCESS 10 A Wide Range of Technologies are Employed in the World Bank Rural Electrification Projects in LAC CountryGrid ExtensionDensificationSHSsMicro-hydroOthers Nicaragua PERZA HondurasPIR + AF Bolivia IDTR I + II PerúFONER I + II México Integrated Energy Services Argentina PERMER I + II Chile Territorial Development HaitiREIA

11. A Bridge to a Sustainable Energy Future A B RIDGE TO U NIVERSAL E NERGY A CCESS 11 There is Need to Enabling Better Energy Access in Urban and Peri-Urban Areas Link with city development strategies Multi stakeholder collaboration Strong political will A regulatory framework supporting access for the urban poor Change in mindset of slum dwellers

12. A Bridge to a Sustainable Energy Future A B RIDGE TO U NIVERSAL E NERGY A CCESS 12 Summary: Lessons Learned Political commitment to provision of energy services and social equity is essential Developing planning and implementation capacity is a key enabler National electrification plan is a guiding document and should be kept updated Off-grid technologies are cost-effective for certain segments of users, and complements grid extension Provision of reliable, sustainable energy services in peri- urban and urban areas remain great challenges and requires multi-stakeholder, multi-sector approaches.

13. Thank You The World Bank | 1818 H Street, NW | Washington DC, USA www.worldbank.org|www.esmap.org XIAOPING WANG, XWANG3@WORLDBANK.ORG