1. Multispectral Remote Sensing Systems
Landsat
SPOT
Weather satellites
- GOES
- AVHRR
High-resolution satellite
- IKONOS
Hyper-spectral sensor
- AVIRIS
EOS-Terra instruments
- ASTER
- MODIS

2. Landsat Program
Originally called (ERTS) - Earth Resources Technology Satellite.
First satellite launched in 1972
Broad scale repetitive surveys of the landscape
Visible, NIR spectral bands (Landsats 1,2,3), and MIR and
Thermal (Landsats 4 and 5)
Sensors:
Multispectral scanner (MSS)
Return beam vidicon (RBV)
Thematic Mapper (TM)
Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+)

3. Chronological Launch and Retirement History of the Landsat Satellite Series

4. Landsat Multispectral Scanner (MSS)

5. Inclination of the Landsat Orbit to Maintain A Sun-synchronous Orbit
Inclination = 98.2degree

6. Landsat Multispectral Scanning System (MSS) Orbit

7. Orbit Tracks of Landsat 1, 2, or 3 During A Single Day of Coverage

8. Landsat 4 and 5 Worldwide Reference System(WRS)

9. Landsat 4 and 5 Platform with Associated Sensor and Telecommunication Systems

10. Spectral and Spatial Resolution of the Landsat Multispectral Scanner (MSS), Landsat 4 and 5 Thematic Mapper (TM), Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+), SPOT 1, 2, and 3 High Resolution Visible (HRV), and SPOT 4 High Resolution Visible Infrared (HRVIR) Sensor Systems

11. Seven Bands of Landsat Thematic Mapper Data of Charleston, SC, Obtained on February 3, 1994

12. Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus

13. Landsat 7 Image of
Palm Spring, CA
30 x 30 m
(bands 4,3,2 = RGB)

14. Landsat 7 Image of
Palm Spring, CA
30 x 30 m
(bands 7,4,2 = RGB)

15. Landsat bands
OLI- Operational Land Imager
TIRS - Thermal InfraRed Sensor

17. Band 1 minus Band 2. The ocean and living plants reflect more deep blue-violet hues. Most plants produce surface wax (for example, the frosty coating on fresh plums) as they grow, to reflect harmful ultraviolet light away.

18. Band 9 (covering only a tiny slice of EMR) is just for clouds
Band 9 (covering only a tiny slice of EMR) is just for clouds! Here it’s picking up fluffy cumulus clouds, but it’s designed especially for cirrus clouds.

19. Chronological Launch History of the SPOT Satellites
Sensor:
SPOT 1,2,3: HRV (High Resolution Visible)
SPOT 4: HRVIR(High Resolution Visible and Infrared)

20. SPOT NADIR View
60 km swath width
117 km total width
3 km overlap

21. SPOT Off -NADIR View

22. SPOT Off -NADIR Revisit Capabilities

23. SPOT Stereoscopic Viewing Capabilities

24. Comparison of the Detail of
30 x 30 m Landsat TM Band 3 Data and SPOT 10 x 10 m Panchromatic Data of Charleston, SC
Courtesy of
SPOT Image, Inc.

25. Geographic Coverage of the SPOT HRV and Landsat Thematic Mapper Remote Sensing Systems

26. SPOT Pan Image Orlando FL

29. Weather Satellites and Sensors
Examples:
(1) GOES (Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite)
(2) NOAA AVHRR (Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer)

30. GOES
GOES Hurricane Image

31. GOES East and West Coverage

32. GOES East Coverage GOES East Infrared GOES East Visible
August 25, 1989
GOES East Visible
August 25, 1989

33. 1.1 km Resolution - local area coverage (LAC)
Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) Data Acquisition Characteristics
Visible, NIR, Thermal
1.1 km Resolution - local area coverage (LAC)
4 km Resolution - global area coverage (GAC)
Used for meteorological studies
Vegetation pattern analysis
Gaining popularity for global modeling
Broad spectral bands
Not ideally suited for vegetation but used to determine
general patterns.

34. Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) Mosaic of the Conterminous United States

35. Global Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) Image Produced Using Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) Imagery

36. High Spatial Resolution Sensor: IKONOS
IKONOS
Panchromatic Images
of Washington, DC
1 x 1 m spatial resolution
Panchromatic: 1m
MX: 4m

37. IKONOS Panchromatic Stereopair of Columbia, SC Airport
November 15, 2000

38. IKONOS Imagery of Columbia, SC Obtained on October 28, 2000
Panchromatic 1 x 1 m
Pan-sharpened multispectral 4 x 4 m

39. Hyper-spectral Remote Sensing:
Imaging Spectrometry

40. Hyper-spectral Sensor
NASA AVIRIS: Airborne Visible Infrared Imaging Spectrometer

41. Hyperspectral Crop Classification Using AVIRIS Data

42. Earth Observing System - Terra Instruments
ASTER - Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer
CERES - Clouds and the Earth’s Radiant Energy System
MISR - Multi-angle Imaging Spectroradiometer
MODIS - Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer
MOPITT - Measurement of Pollution in the Troposphere

43. Earth Observing System - Terra Instruments
MODIS - Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer
Spectral Range mm
Spatial Resolution m (2 bands), 500 m (5 bands), 1000 m (29 bands)
ASTER - Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer
Spectral Range VNIR mm, SWIR mm, TIR mm
Spatial Resolution m (VNIR : 3 bands)
30 m (SWIR: 6 bands)
90 m (TIR: 5 bands)

44. EOS Data Gateway (Free data)