1. STYLE SCHEMES, TROPES, AND OTHER FUN DEVICES

2. SCHEMES: OF BALANCE Antithesis—a contrast between the first of a work and the end of a work (usu) -parallel in nature Juxtaposition—a balance between contrasting ideas Ex. He was short; she was tall. He was fat; she was skinny.

3. Zeugma--A figure of speech in which a word applies to two others in different senses. – John and his license expired last week. – I lost my keys and my temper. – “He held his breath and the door for me.”

4. SCHEMES: UNUSUAL WORD ORDER Anastrophe Parenthesis

5. SCHEMES: OF REPETITION POLYSYNDETON and _____, and ______, and ________... ANAPHORA her eyes, her lips, her hair, her mouth… EPISTROPHE he met my stare; she hated my stare; I liked my stare. EPANALEPSIS Stupid people are just stupid.

6. Repetition (cont’d) Anadiplosis— 'The general who became a slave. The slave who became a gladiator. The gladiator who defied an emperor. (Gladiator movie 2000) Chiasmus—repetition of ideas in reverse grammatical order.(sim. to Antimetabole) – “Ask not what your country can do, but what you can do for your country.” JFK – “One should eat to live, not live to eat.” Cicero – “Quitters never win, and winners never quit.” Anon

7. SCHEMES: OF QUESTIONING EROTEMA—assert, support, or deny a thesis/main point HYPOPHORA—answers the question immediately – Does rhyme scheme matter? Certainly it does! EPIPLEXIS—to reproach or reprimand – How could you think rhyme scheme doesn’t matter?

8. TROPES: METAPHOR SIMILE ANALOGY IRONY PARADOX OXYMORON HYPERBOLE LITOTE

9. SCHEMES: OF OMISSION ELLIPSIS--"Some people go to priests; others to poetry; I to my friends." "True stories deal with hunger, imaginary ones with love.“ (Raymond Queneau) ASYNDETON— “Pasta, collard greens, bread, cling peaches.” or I felt comforted by her touch, soothed by her words, relaxed by her promises.

10. Tropes—sophisticated F of S Metonymy—”change of name” Synecdoche—part represents the whole – Similar in idea – S—Gray beard saw me. – S—He has mouths to feed. – M—Hollywood determines fashion. – M—Capitol Hill declared the law unconstitutional.

11. Tropes—cont’d. Euphemism—a pleasant way to say something that has a harsh or negative connotation. – He… kicked the bucket – Bought the farm – Bit the dust – Blow chunks, correctional facility, etc. There are tons!

12. Your Turn! Write ____ different examples with a partner. Choose 2 you think are great. Bring those to me, and we will quiz the class!