1. CHINA

2. CHINA

4. In eastern Asia World’s most populated country
Fourth largest country in terms of area
Beijing is the capital Shanghai is the largest city
70% of it is mountains, hills, and highlands
Wide range of climates Most farmland and people are in the east
Most live in towns or villages
Republic government controlled by the Communist party
Government controls economy but is letting more free enterprise

5. 1 in 5 people are Chinese
Most work in agriculture
90% live in eastern China
92% are Han
Family is very important
Live modestly
Men marry after 22
Women marry after 20
Only allowed to have two kids
One of the world’s oldest civilizations
Developed the compass, paper, and porcelain

6. Countries Around the World: China
thousand
The Chinese language has over a ___________________ characters in it.
An ancient form of writing from China is called _________________.
The ________________ and _________________ are two symbols of Communism.
Besides rice the ______________________ plant has been grown in China for a long time.
____________ on the Chinese flag stands for revolution, the big star
represents the _______________________, and the four smaller stars
stand for the __________________________ .
China has a ___________________________ climate.
The Chinese were the first to use _______________________ and
their currency is called the _______________________ .
China’s official national religion is ______________________.
The __________________________________ has the most fertile soil in China.
calligraphy
sickle
hammer
soybean
Red
Communist Party
people
diverse
paper money
Yuan
atheist
Yangtze River Delta

7. MODERN CHINA CROSSWORD PUZZLE

9. less than 20 years
1/3
traditions and rituals
less than 10%
Privatization – the government not owning everything
It allows individuals to own land and start businesses

10. 8 times larger
their writing
34 a minute and 7 million a year
construction projects
Chinese New Year

11. CHINA’S GEOGRAPHY and NATURAL WALL
What continent is China a part of?
This mountain range can be found along the southern border of China and India. It contains the highest mountain peak in the world.
This desert is north of the Himalayas. It is surrounded on three sides by mountains and on the east by the Tarim River.
This river originates in the eastern Himalayas and flows toward the East China Sea. It crosses the Sichuan Basin.
What direction is Egypt from China and how many miles apart are they?
This river winds across northern China from the Himalayas. It has two names - one being Chinese and the other English.
This mountain range runs along the border of China and Mongolia. It is bordered on the east and south by a desert.
This is the water body that lies between the mainland of China and the small island country of Taiwan. The Tropic of Cancer runs through this water body.
9. This eastern region in China is close to the water and is considered one of the most fertile regions in the country. It is directly south of the nation’s modern day capital city.
Asia
Himalayas
Taklimakan
Yangtze
West <2300 miles
Huang He ~ Yellow
Altai
Taiwan Strait
North China Plain

12. What direction is India from China and how many miles apart are they?
This water body is directly to the east of China. It lies between the mainland and the island chain of Ryukyu.
This water body lies between China’s mainland and the Korean peninsula. It shares it’s name with a river that winds through eastern China.
This fertile, flat area is located in northeast China and surrounded by the Greater Khingan Range on the west and Russia on the north and east sides.
14. This desert is found on the border between China and Mongolia.
About how many miles wide and long is China?
These are China’s western mountains and can be found between China and
Kyrgyzstan.
17. This large plateau is found in southwestern China.
South Border one another
East China Sea
Yellow Sea
Manchurian Plain
Gobi
Over 2500 miles east to west over 1000 miles north to south
Tien Shan
Plateau of Tibet

13. MOUNTAINS (4) DESERTS (2) SEAS (3)
It is said that nature has built a natural wall around China. List the names of the physiographic features which form China’s natural wall.
MOUNTAINS (4) DESERTS (2) SEAS (3)
What do you think will be the advantages and disadvantages to China having a “natural wall”?
ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
Himalaya
Hindu Kush
Tien Shan
Altai
Gobi
Taklimakan
Yellow
East China
South China
Difficult to trade/travel to/with others
Cause isolation
Safe from invaders/protection
Will have many natural resources

14. CHINA’S PHYSIOGRAPHIC FEATURES

15. Yangtze River Summer Temp. = 65° F Winter Temp. = 22° F
Annual Precipitation = 40 ins.
Vegetation Type = rainforest +
The Yangtze river (meaning “Long River”) is the longest river in Asia, and the fourth longest in the world. It runs for a good 3,859 miles. To some people, it is considered a dividing line between northern and southern China.

16. Yangtze River Location:
flows through south central China from the mountains to the sea
Facts:
Also known as the Chang Jiang
Yangtze = Long River
Longest river in China and Asia and 4th in the world
It sometimes does flood
People use the river to move goods between eastern and western areas in the region
Its surrounding lands are very fertile

17. Annual Precipitation = 5.5 ins. Vegetation Type = desert
Gobi Desert
Summer Temp. = 113° F
Winter Temp. = -40° F
Annual Precipitation = 5.5 ins.
Vegetation Type = desert
The word “Gobi” means very large and dry in Mongolian. The Gobi Desert is the 5th largest
desert in the world and is Asia’s largest. It covers an area of about 500,000 square miles.
The Gobi Desert is a cold desert, and it is not uncommon to see frost or occasionally snow on its
dunes.

18. Gobi Desert Location It covers part of China and Mongolia Facts
one of the world’s largest deserts
Most of the desert is stony and its surface is made up of small pebbles and tiny bits of sand
It is a cold desert, and it is not uncommon to see frost and occasionally snow on its dunes
Vegetation is sparse and the plants there tend to be small and widely spaced

19. Himalayan Mountains Summer Temp. = -13° F Winter Temp. = -100° F
Annual Precipitation = 80 inches
Vegetation Type = none +
. The Himalayan Mountains are the world’s highest mountain range and contain the world’s highest mountain, Mount Everest, which is over 25,000 feet high. The Himalayas extend for 1,500 miles. These mountains are extremely dangerous to travel through, not only because of their height, but also because they are always covered in snow and ice.

20. Himalayan Mountains Location
Along China’s southern border and forms a natural border between the Indian subcontinent
Facts
the highest mountain range in the world
region is a bitterly cold place
It is so cold that there is very little or no vegetation.

21. Huang He (Yellow) River
Summer Temp. = varies
Winter Temp. = varies
Annual Precipitation = 16 ins.
Vegetation Type = sparse grasses +
The Huang He River is the second longest river in China, as well as the sixth longest river in the world. It stretches about 3,395 miles. This river is commonly known as the Yellow River, because that is the color of the river from all of the sediment it carries. Another nickname for this river is “China’s Sorrow”. It is called this because it has been known to have devastating floods.

22. Huang He (Yellow) River
Location
It bends through north central China from the mountains to the sea
Facts
Second longest river in China, 6th in the world
called the Yellow River because of the enormous amounts of yellow silt
Very muddy river
Called "the cradle of Chinese civilization", as its basin is the birthplace of ancient Chinese civilizations
the river has flooded more than 1,500 times, causing much damage and loss of life. This has also earned the river the name "China's Sorrow".

23. Annual Precipitation = 23 ins. Vegetation Type = grassland
North China Plain
Summer Temp. = 82° F
Winter Temp. = 28° F
Annual Precipitation = 23 ins.
Vegetation Type = grassland +
The North China Plain is the largest flat lowland area in China. It stretches across an area of 158,000 square miles. The early Chinese considered this plain “the center of the world”.

24. North China Plain Location east central China Facts
is a flat region of grassland and temperatures range from very warm in the summer to cold in the winter.
called the “Land of the Yellow Earth” because the ground is covered by yellow limestone silt from the Gobi Desert
This flat yellow-soil plain is the main area of grains, corn, and cotton production in China. Wheat, sesame seed, and peanuts are also grown here.
The plain is one of the most densely populated regions in the world.

25. Annual Precipitation = 10 inches Vegetation Type = sparse grasses
Plateau of Tibet
Summer Temp. = 45° F
Winter Temp. = 18° F
Annual Precipitation = 10 inches
Vegetation Type = sparse grasses +
The Tibetan Plateau is also called “the roof of the world”. It is the highest and largest plateau in the world covering an area about four times the size of Texas.

26. Plateau of Tibet Location
The southwestern part of China is dominated by the high Tibet Plateau
Facts
This area is often called the “Roof of the World” since it is over two miles above sea level
It is a very large area, covering almost a quarter of the land in China
very cold and dry climate with sparse shrubs and grasses
The natural vegetation is eaten by antelopes and yaks that roam the area

27. Taklimakan Desert Summer Temp. = 100° F Winter Temp. = 15° F
Annual Precipitation = 5 inches
Vegetation Type = desert
More notes, find area
The Taklimakan Desert is known as the largest sand-only desert in the world. Many different mummies have been found in this desert, and some date back over four thousand years. The word “taklimakan” is known to mean “desert of death” or “place of no return”.

28. Taklimakan Desert Location
located in western China, just northwest of the Tibetan Plateau
Facts
Over 105,000 square miles
considered one of the most dangerous deserts in the world
“once you go in, you will not come out”
The desert’s huge sand dunes shift and change as the wind blows the sand around and sandstorms arise with stunning speed
the desert is very dry with vegetation near oases only
Legend says that two armies and three hundred cities are buried in it

29. Tien Shan Mountains Summer Temp. = 41° F Winter Temp. = 15° F
Annual Precipitation = 10 ins.
Vegetation Type = forest +
The Tien Shan Mountains are one of the longest mountain ranges in Central Asia. Their name means “mountains of the spirits”. The mountains at their lower levels contain many spruce forests.

30. Tien Shan Mountains Location
The northwestern tip of China and lies to the north and west of the Taklimakan Desert
Facts
- one of the longest mountain ranges in Central Asia at 1700 miles long
- The name Tien Shan literally means “celestial mountains” and is sacred to those who practice Daoism
Heavy rain and snowfall on the range create a mountain environment that contrasts dramatically with the arid desert terrain of the southern foothills
On the lower slopes, there are flowery meadows and forests
Top of them are covered with glaciers

31. Manchurian Plain Summer Temp. = 75° F Winter Temp. = 10° F
Annual Precipitation = 20 ins.
Vegetation Type = sparse grasses
The Manchurian Plain is also known as the Northeast China Plain. It covers an area of over 135,000 square miles. There are almost no trees on this plain. This area is good for raising livestock and herding.

32. Manchurian Plain Location northeastern China - east of Mongolia Facts
Also known as Northeast China Plain
is a land of low hills and plains and the natural vegetation is mostly prairie grass
It has short, warm summers and is cold in the winter – dry in the north and wetter in the south
In general, the plain is too cold and dry to be a good place for growing crops but is good for herding and livestock

33. CHINA’S GEOGRAPHY: HELPFUL or HARMFUL
OTHER FACTS
Natural barriers give protection
Rivers link/bring the people together
Rivers flood and enrich the soil for farming
Rivers used for their resources and as transportation/trade routes
Natural barriers make it hard to travel and communicate
Numerous regions formed and developed their own ways and, therefore, the Chinese were not unified
Rivers flood, destroy, and kill
Deserts are dry wastelands
Southwest = mountains
North and west = mountains and deserts
East = ocean
All of the above act as barriers keeping China both isolated and safe

34. China Map Key
Yangtze River
Gobi Desert
Himalayan Mountains
Huang He/Yellow (River)
North China Plain
Plateau of Tibet
Taklimakan Desert
Tien Shan (Mountains)
Manchurian Plain

35. QUESTIONS on CHINA’S GEOGRAPHY
Name the mountains found in northwest China.
The Huang He River and the Yangtze River flow in which direction?
What part of China are the Himalaya Mountains found in?
What direction would you travel in to get from the Taklimakan Desert to the Gobi Desert?
Which physiographic feature of China has the warmest summer temperature?
Which physiographic feature of China has the warmest winter temperature?
Tien Shan
west to east eastward
southern or southwestern
northeast or east
Gobi Desert
North China Plain

36. Which physiographic feature of China has the overall coldest temperatures?
Which physiographic features of China get over 20 inches of precipitation in a year?
Which physiographic feature of China is most like Carroll County? Defend your choice with at least three reasons.
Explain why over ninety percent of China’s population lives in eastern China?
Himalaya Mountains
Yangtze River, Himalayan Mountains, North China Plain, Manchurian Plain
NORTH CHINA PLAIN: similar temperatures, both have lots of grassland, both are farming areas growing corn, somewhat similar precipitations, both on the east coast
flat, reasonable temperatures, on the coast, two major rivers flow through it, fertile soil

37. PREHISTORIC CHINA

38. Yangshao

39. Yangshao
Began 10,000 B.C.E
Settled near the Huang He (Yellow) River in north central China.
Were farmers in China
Had houses built partially underground with plastered floors and roofs supported by wooden beams
Created painted pottery with geometric designs on it They used a kiln but no potter’s wheel

40. Lungshan

41. Lungshan
About 3000 B.C.E
Settled near the Huang He (Yellow) River in northeast China.
Farmers that raised cattle, sheep, pigs, and dogs and grew wheat and millet
Eventually settled in southern China to grow rice
Leaders arose to complete projects to control flooding
Created black pottery using a kiln and a potter’s wheel
First to harvest silk from silkworms to weave fabric which became a major export of China

42. Xia

43. Xia
Last of the Prehistoric settlements around 2000 B.C.E. (ruled for about 300 years)
Settled near the Huang He (Yellow) River in north central China.
Know about them from legends and eventually what archeologists have found
Had bronze weapons and tools
Were farmers
Made pottery
Rulers communicated with spirits for help and guidance
Defeated by the Shang, China’s first dynasty
Could eventually become China’s first dynasty when and if more evidence is found about them

44. The Shang Dynasty

45. SHANG DYNASTY
BCE
2) On the Huang He River in the North China Plain
3) The Shang dynasty is important because . . .
CHINA’S FIRST DYNASTY
4) A series of rulers from the same family
From the tombs, artifacts, and writing we have found

46. ZHOU DYNASTY

47. farmers lived in the Wei Valley on the Huang He River
2) In 1050 BCE Wu the Martial and the Zhou conquered the Shang
3) China’s longest lasting dynasty
4) Tian – impersonal power (heaven) worshiped by the Zhou that demanded right behavior and good government
Mandate of Heaven – getting heaven’s (tian) support if you ruled well

48. KING
NOBLES
PEASANTS
owned all of the land and granted Nobles complete control of the land given them, protects and defends the land and people, govern in the interest of the people
controls the land given to him from the king which consisted of a walled town and the farms around it, must give the king a portion of what the peasants produce from his land, must send the king soldiers in times of war
work the farmland and give the noble some of what they produce/make, are the soldiers

49. 6) Dialects are different forms of the same language
7) Communication from region to region was difficult because people could not always understand each other when they spoke

50. 8) Expanded the use of writing so no matter how a word was pronounced in the different regions of China, its written form would be the same and understood. This allows China’s culture to grow and spread.

51. ANCIENT CHINA’S BELIEF SYSTEMS

52. CONFUCIUS China’s greatest teacher Born in Lu, China
Was part of a noble family then became poor and orphaned
Well educated
Gave simple lessons for living
551 – 479 BCE during the last years of the Zhou Dynasty
Order and mutual respect among people led to peace
Treat others the way you would want to be treated – Golden Rule

53. REN Central idea of Confucianism “relationship between two people”
One person existing in harmony with another

54. CONFUCIANISM Husband and wife Father and son
Older brother and younger brother
Friend and friend
Ruler and subject
Sincerity (honest), loyalty (trusting), mutual respect (considerate)
Family very important and children should respect their parents
Rulers should act like good fathers
Government should be based on goodness
Government officials should earn their jobs

55. MOISM
Mozi
Universal love for all people and respect for all people will bring peace

56. LEGALISM All people are bad by nature
Only a strong government with strict laws and harsh punishments can keep the evil under control

57. DAOISM Laozi Want a small and simple society
Best leaders work quietly in the background and do not worry about
getting credit
Want to find Dao – “the way” of the universe by being in harmony with nature and in touch with your inner feelings