1. Autonomous measurements and global modeling of mineral aerosols Amato Evan Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, USA

2. Key Questions 1.What are the spatial, temporal, and microphysical characteristics of dust over California, and what are the primary source regions for these mineral aerosols? 1.Does dust emission from remote sources change on interannual and longer time scales, and what is the effect on rainfall over California?

3. Autonomous Measurements CARAGA OPC MPL

4. Deposition, surface conc. & size, vertical structure Deposition, surface conc. & size Autonomous California 1.20 sites w/CARAGA & particle counter 2.4 sites would also include MPL 3.Possible to keep cost in neighborhood of $1M for equipment Dust-Monitoring Network

5. Long-Term Variability: Over-Land Dust Detection with AVHRR?

6. Long-Term Variability: Sub to decadal scale records Mono Lake Tufa Owens Lake Lacustrine Stromatolites

7. Long-Term Variability: 20 th Century numerical experiments Modeling dust in a GCM… …is not so easy to do!