1. Chapter Ten: Discrimination Review Applying Ethics: A Text with Readings (10 th ed.) Julie C. Van Camp, Jeffrey Olen, Vincent Barry Cengage Learning/Wadsworth

2. How should we understand key terminology? What is affirmative action? positive measures beyond neutral nondiscriminatory and merit- hiring employment practices What is preferential hiring? employment practice to give special consideration to people from groups traditionally victimized by discrimination What is quota hiring? court-ordered remedy setting mandated hiring goals to correct documented history of discrimination What is reverse discrimination? unfair treatment of a majority member

3. What are the different forms of discrimination? Intentional individual discrimination Unintentional individual discrimination Intentional institutional discrimination Unintentional institutional discrimination

4. What counts as evidence of discrimination? Statistical evidence Practices and policies Attitudes and assumptions

5. Tom L. Beauchamp “The Justification of Reverse Discrimination” Tom L. Beauchamp How does he defend reverse discrimination? Eradication of pervasive discrimination in hiring and promotion requires enforced goals and quotas Goals and quotas serve corporate interests as well as the public interest

6. “A Defense of Programs of Preferential Treatment” Richard Wasserstrom How does he defend preferential hiring? by attacking two major criticism (1) “Intellectual inconsistency” of opposing discrimination in the past but favoring it now in preferential treatment Different social conditions make these reconcilable (2) Ignoring individual qualifications We do not choose only the most qualified in many situations Why do we assume the best qualified deserve all of society’s benefits?

7. “Reverse Discrimination as Unjustified” Lisa Newton What is wrong with reverse discrimination? It undermines the concept of equal justice under law for all citizens What are other problems with reverse discrimination? What counts as a minority? What majority is willing to give something up to benefit those minorities? What would count as restitution? When is enough enough?

8. “Class, Not Race” Richard D. Kahlenberg What are the advantages of giving preferences by class, not race? Promoting the original goals of the Civil Rights Act How should class or disadvantage be defined? parental income, education, occupation, net worth, quality of secondary education, neighborhood, family What are the objections to this approach? Racial discrimination still a problem Class preferences stigmatizing Treats people as members of groups, not individuals Will not yield diverse student body Would cause resentment