2. Muscular Unit Muscular Unit

3. Muscle:  Definition: –Type of tissue able to shorten or contract and move a body part.  Functions: –Movement –Posture –Heat

4. Muscle facts:  Over muscles  Sheath –  Tendons – 600 outer covering muscle to bone

5. Muscle facts:  Muscles are named by:  Location  Shape  Function (movement)  Point of attachment

6. Sterno- cleido- mastoid Pectoralis Major Obliques Rectus Abdominis Masseter Trapezius Deltoids Biceps Flexors Quadriceps Tibialis Anterior Sartorius

7. Triceps Latissimus Dorsi Gluteus Maximus Extensors Hamstrings Gastrocnemius Soleus

8. Muscle types Skeletal Skeletal Cardiac Cardiac Smooth Smooth

9. Skeletal (striated) muscle:  Voluntary Control  You control  Used in movement and exercise  Examples: Biceps, Abdominals Quadriceps,

10. Smooth (Visceral) muscle:  Involuntary muscle  you can not move  Internal organs and blood vessels  Examples: Digestive tract,Urinary tract, Stomach, Esophagus

11. Cardiac muscle:  Involuntary muscle  You can not control.  Found in the heart.  Example:  heart (Myocardium)

12. How muscles work:  Stimulation/use =  Muscle fiber development is when muscles become bigger and better reacting.  Carbohydrates are changed into an energy rich compound called fiber development ATP.

13. How muscles work (cont’d):  ATP (energy) + Oxygen =  ATP (energy) + no Oxygen =  A build up of Lactic Acid will cause Water and Carbon Dioxide Lactic Acid Muscle Cramps

14. Muscle Movements Flexion Flexion –decrease angle Extension Extension –Increase angle

15. Muscle Movements Abduction Abduction  Movement away from the center Adduction Adduction  Movement towards the center

16. Muscle Movements  Pronation  Palms downward  Supination  Palms upward/forward  Rotation  Turning

17. Origins – Insertions and Functions

18. Origins-Insertions-Function Origins-Insertions-Function Sterno- Cleido- mastoid ClavicleSternumCranium Rotateshead NAMEORIGININSERTIONMOVEMENT

19. Sternocleido mastoid ORIGIN INSERTION

20. Origins-Insertions-Function Origins-Insertions-Function Sterno- Cleido- mastoid ClavicleSternumCranium Rotateshead Trapezius Vertebra Column Column Scapula Lifts the scapula NAMEORIGININSERTIONMOVEMENT

21. ORIGIN INSERTION TRAPEZIUS

22. Origins-Insertions-Function Origins-Insertions-Function NAMEORIGININSERTIONMOVEMENT Deltoid Clavicle Scapula Humerus Extends Humerus

23. ORIGIN INSERTION DELTOID

24. Origins-Insertions-Function Origins-Insertions-Function DeltoidClavicleScapulaHumerusExtendsHumerus NAMEORIGININSERTIONMOVEMENT PectoralisMajor Sternum Humerus Movement of Humerus

25. INSERTION ORIGIN PECTORALIS MAJOR

26. Origins-Insertions-Function Origins-Insertions-Function DeltoidClavicleScapulaHumerusExtendinghumerus PectoralisMajorSternumHumerus Movement of humerus NAMEORIGININSERTIONMOVEMENT BicepScapula RadiusUlna FlexionofForearm

27. BICEPS INSERTION ORIGIN View: From the Front

28. Origins-Insertions-Function Origins-Insertions-Function NAMEORIGININSERTIONMOVEMENT Triceps ScapulaHumerus Ulna ExtensionofForearm

29. View: From the Back ORIGIN TRICEPS INSERTION

30. Origins-Insertions-Function Origins-Insertions-Function NAMEORIGININSERTIONMOVEMENT Triceps ScapulaHumerus Ulna ExtensionofForearm LatissimusDorsi VertebraeHumerus MovementofHumerus

31. ORIGIN INSERTION LATISSIMUS DORSI

32. Origins-Insertions-Function Origins-Insertions-Function NAMEORIGININSERTIONMOVEMENT Triceps ScapulaHumerus Ulna ExtensionofForearm LatissimusDorsi VertebraeHumerus MovementofHumerus RectusAbdominisRibs/Sternum Pubis Flexion of Trunk

33. INSERTION RECTUS ABDOMINIS ORIGIN

34. Origins-Insertions-Function Origins-Insertions-Function NAMEORIGIN INSERTIONMOVEMENT Internal/ExternalObliques TrunkRotation

35. INTERNAL OBLIQUES EXTERNAL OBLIQUES

36. Origins-Insertions-Function Origins-Insertions-Function NAMEORIGIN INSERTIONMOVEMENT Internal/ExternalObliques TrunkRotation GluteusMaximus PelvisFemur HipExtension

37. ORIGIN INSERTION GLUTEUS MAXIMUS

38. Origins-Insertions-Function Origins-Insertions-Function NAMEORIGIN INSERTIONMOVEMENT Internal/ExternalObliques TrunkRotation GluteusMaximus PelvisFemur HipExtension Hamstrings (Biceps Femoris) Pelvis TibiaFibulaLegFlexion

39. ORIGIN INSERTION HAMSTRINGS

40. Origins-Insertions-Function Origins-Insertions-Function NAME Quadriceps IliumFemur TibiaExtends Lower Leg

41. QUADRICEPS INSERTION ORIGIN

42. Origins-Insertions-Function Origins-Insertions-Function QuadricepsIliumFemurTibia Lower leg extension NAME Gastroc-nemius Femur Tarsals FootExtension

43. GASTROCNEMIUS ORIGIN INSERTION toes

44. Origins-Insertions-Function Origins-Insertions-Function QuadricepsIliumFemurTibia Lower leg extension Gastroc-NemiusFemurTarsals Foot extension NAME TibialisAnterior Tibia TarsalsMetatarsalsFootFlexion

45. ORIGIN INSERTION TIBIALIS ANTERIOR toes

46. Muscular System Disorders

47. Muscle Cramps A. Muscle contracts, but will not relax. B. Lactic Acid build-up occurs during strenuous exercise. C. These methods will help prevent muscle cramps: warm-up, water D. Relax, rub, and massage the muscle to relieve the pain.

48. Muscle Strain A. Overstretching of a muscle. B. Improperly warming-up. C. Proper warm-up and regular exercise can help prevent strains. D. Ice and rest.

49. Muscle Tear A. The tendon is torn from the bone. B. Sudden pull on a muscle. D. Ice, rest and sometimes surgery. C. Proper warm-up and regular exercise will help prevent muscle pulls.

50. Tendinitis A. Inflamed tendon B. Repeated stress or irritation to the tendon. C. Proper warm-up and regular exercise. D. Ice and rest.

51. Hernia A. Tear in the muscle layer of the abdomen. The intestines press through causing a bulge. B. Caused by sudden pressure at a weak spot in the abdominal cavity. C. Proper toning and proper lifting. D. Wearing a support, surgery.

52. Muscular Dystrophy A. Gradual destruction of muscle fiber, which causes the muscles to become useless. B. Cause is unknown, but it is hereditary. C. Regular exercise. No preventions. D. Medicines, physical therapy.

53. Get UP and MOVE!! Use it or lose it!!

54. D J B I C G F A E H

55. D L E A I N B O M GC F H J K Muscular System Diagram Quiz