2. Downloaded from www.avhf.com “A PERSONAL MATTER” Analysis of GA Fatal Accidents

3. Downloaded from www.avhf.com Your Presenter: Brian Poole Office of Accident Investigation Federal Aviation Administration

4. Downloaded from www.avhf.com What Is An Aircraft Accident?

5. Downloaded from www.avhf.com Aircraft Accident: v An Occurrence Associated With the Operation of an Aircraft Which Takes Place Between the Time Any Person Boards the Aircraft With the Intention of Flight and Until Such Time as All Such Persons Have Disembarked, and in Which Any Person Suffers Death or Serious Injury, or in Which the Aircraft Receives Substantial Damage

6. Downloaded from www.avhf.com Serious Injury: v An Injury Which (1) Requires Hospitalization for More Than 48 Hours, Commencing Within 7 Days From the Date the Injury Was Received; (2) Results in a Fracture of Any Bone (Except Simple Fractures of Fingers, Toes, or Nose); (3) Causes Severe Hemorrhages, Nerve, Muscle or Tendon Damage; (4) Involves Any Internal Organ; or (5) Involves Second or Third Degree Burns or Any Burns Affecting More Than 5 Percent of the Body Surface

7. Downloaded from www.avhf.com Substantial Damage: v Damage or Failure Which Adversely Affects the Structural Strength, Performance, or Flight Characteristics of the Aircraft, and Which Would Normally Require Major Repair or Replacement of the Affected Component. Engine Failure or Damage Limited to an Engine Cowling, Dented Skin, Small Punctured Holes in the Skin Fabric, Ground Damage to Rotor or Propeller Blades, and Damage to Landing Gear, Wheels, Tires, Flaps, Engine Accessories, Brakes, or Wingtips are not Considered “Substantial Damage”

8. Downloaded from www.avhf.com General Aviation Accidents 1930-2001

9. Downloaded from www.avhf.com General Aviation Fatal Accidents 1930-2001

10. Downloaded from www.avhf.com General Aviation Fatalities 1930-2001

11. Downloaded from www.avhf.com General Aviation Accidents 1997-2001

12. Downloaded from www.avhf.com Homebuilt Aircraft Accidents 1997-2001

13. Downloaded from www.avhf.com General Aviation Accident Rate For Hours Flown 1950-2001

14. Downloaded from www.avhf.com Personal Aerial Application Business General Aviation Accident Rates by Purpose of Flight 1983-2001 Instruction All GA Corporate Accidents Per 100,000 Hours

15. Downloaded from www.avhf.com Homebuilt & General Aviation Accident Rates 1983-2001 1983-2001 Homebuilt General Aviation Accidents Per 100,000 Hours

16. Downloaded from www.avhf.com Homebuilt & General Aviation Fatal Accident Rates 1983-2001 Homebuilt General Aviation Accidents Per 100,000 Hours

17. Downloaded from www.avhf.com General Aviation Fleet, Activity and Fatal Accidents By Type of Operation 1998 1998 Percent of Fleet Percent of Percent of Flight Hours Fatal Accidents Personal Business Instruction Corporation Aerial Application Public Use Air Taxi Miscellaneous 613565 1613 5 614 6 611 0 2 8 2 2 5 3 210 4 5 3 15 100% 100% 100% Operation

18. Downloaded from www.avhf.com General Aviation Personal Flying Fatal Accidents Breakdown of Broad Causes 1995 - 1999 Personnel - 1044 Pilot - 998 Others (Aboard) - 4 Others (Not Aboard) - 55 Aircraft - 173 Propulsion System and Controls - 131 Airframe - 21 Systems/Equipment/Instruments - 19 Environment - 19 Weather - 9 Object (Trees, Wires) - 6 Terrain/Runway Conditions - 4

19. Downloaded from www.avhf.com Primary Causes of General Aviation Fatal Accidents v Weather –Attempted VFR into IMC conditions v Maneuvering flight –Maneuvering during low slow flight –Buzzing or low level aerobatics v Approach –Improper IFR approach –Steep turn/stall v Test flying homebuilt aircraft v Fuel mismanagement v Midair collisions

20. Downloaded from www.avhf.com Accident Description v When v Where v What v Who v Why v NTSB Probable Cause

21. Downloaded from www.avhf.com What Caused This Accident?

22. Downloaded from www.avhf.com How Could This Accident Have Been Prevented? How Could This Accident Have Been Prevented?

23. Downloaded from www.avhf.com Accident Information Date: July 4, 1993 Time: 8:05 PM MDT Location: Philip, South Dakota Aircraft Type: Avid Flyer, N42CJ Injuries: 1 Fatality 1 Serious Injury

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25. Pilot Information Age: 51 Certificates: Student Pilot Medical: Third Class Total Time: 88 Hours Time in Type: 85 Hours Time Last 90 Days: 44 Hours Occupation: Businessman

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30. NTSB Probable Cause v The pilot’s selection of unsuitable terrain for takeoff and the pilot inadvertently stalling the airplane.

31. Downloaded from www.avhf.com Accident Information Date: August 7, 1993 Time: 1:45 PM EDT Location: Wadesboro, North Carolina Aircraft Type: Midget Mustang, CFYSJ Injuries: 1 Fatality

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33. Pilot Information Age: 67 Certificates: Airline Transport Pilot - MEL Commercial Pilot - SEL Instrument Rating Medical: Second Class Total Time: 3,663 Hours Time in Type: 3 Hours Time Last 90 Days: 16 Hours Occupation: Retired Navy

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39. NTSB Probable Cause v The pilot’s intentional flight into IMC without the proper instrumentation which resulted in the pilot’s loss of aircraft control and in-flight breakup of the airplane.

40. Downloaded from www.avhf.com Accident Information Date: April 23, 1994 Time: 2:04 PM EDT Location: College Park, Maryland Aircraft Type: Beech Sierra, N93535 Injuries: 4 Fatalities

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42. Pilot Information Age: 26 Certificates: Commercial Pilot - SEL - MEL Instrument Rating Medical: Second Class Total Time: 422 Hours Time in Type: 9 Hours Time Last 90 Days: 60 Hours Occupation: Unknown

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47. NTSB Probable Cause v The pilot’s improper flare and delayed recovery from the bounced landing. Factors contributing to the accident were the pilot’s failure to retract the landing gear during the aborted landing; the exceeded allowable gross weight; and the unfavorable wind conditions.

48. Downloaded from www.avhf.com Accident Information Date: May 9, 1996 Time: 12:50 PM EDT Location: Sunapee, New Hampshire Aircraft Type: Lake LA-4-200, N5040L Injuries: 1 Fatality

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50. Pilot Information Age: 61 Certificates: Commercial Pilot - SEL - SES Instrument Rating Medical: Second Class Total Time: 4330 Hours Time in Type: 17 Hours Time Last 90 Days: 2 Hours Occupation: Retired

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53. NTSB Probable Cause v The pilot’s failure to maintain control of the airplane. Factors in this accident were: the pilot’s lack of currency in type and model airplane, and not following the requirement for the pilot to have a flight instructor onboard during water landings.

54. Downloaded from www.avhf.com Accident Information Date: June 3, 1996 Time: 4:41 PM EDT Location: Winslow, Maine Aircraft Type: Cessna 320, N78KA Injuries: 1 Fatality

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56. Age: 41 Certificates: Airline Transport Pilot - SEL - MEL Medical: Second Class Total Time: 7500 Hours Time in Type: Unknown Time Last 90 Days: Unknown Occupation: Unknown Pilot Information Pilot Information

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60. NTSB Probable Cause v The pilot’s continued flight into known adverse weather conditions, and his loss of aircraft control, which resulted in an uncontrolled descent into terrain (river). The known icing condition was related factor.

61. Downloaded from www.avhf.com Accident Information Date: June 19, 1996 Time: 8:10 AM EDT Location: Springboro, Ohio Aircraft Type: Piper, PA-31 Navajo, N62852 Injuries: 1 Fatality

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63. Pilot Information Age: 41 Certificates: Private Pilot - SEL - MEL Instrument Rating Medical: Third Class Total Time: 1198 Hours Time in Type: 701 Hours Time Last 90 Days: 39 Hours Occupation: Doctor

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66. NTSB Probable Cause v The pilot’s impairment of judgment and performance due to drugs which led to spatial disorientation and a loss of aircraft control. The weather was a factor.

67. Downloaded from www.avhf.com Accident Information Date: October 27, 1996 Time: 2:55 PM EST Location: Merritt Island, Florida Aircraft Type: Kitfox Clasic IV, N11LG Injuries: 2 Fatalities

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69. Pilot Information Age: 53 Certificates: Commercial Pilot - SEL - MEL Medical: Third Class Total Time: 585 Hours Time in Type: 6 Hours Time Last 90 Days: Unknown Occupation: Unknown

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72. NTSB Probable Cause v The failure of the pilot to maintain airspeed above stall speed.

73. Downloaded from www.avhf.com Accident Information Date: February 27, 1997 Time: 7:45 PM CST Location: Houston, Texas Aircraft Type: Quickie II, N89WL Injuries: 1 Fatality

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75. Pilot Information Age: 30 Certificates: Private Pilot - SEL Medical: Third Class Total Time: 125 Hours Time in Type: 8 Hours Time Last 90 Days: 7 Hours Occupation: Businessman

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80. NTSB Probable Cause v The loss of engine power due to fuel starvation as a result of the pilot’s improper fuel management.

81. Downloaded from www.avhf.com Accident Information Date: June 10, 1998 Time: 5:40 PM EDT Location: Delaplane, Virginia Aircraft Type: Beech F33A, N6033U Injuries: 2 Fatalities

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83. Pilot Information Age: 73 Certificates: Private Pilot - SEL Instrument Rating Medical: Third Class Total Time: 2800 Hours Time in Type: Unknown Time Last 90 Days: Unknown Occupation: Unknown

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87. NTSB Probable Cause v The pilot’s inadequate in-flight decision that lead to VFR flight into instrument meteorological conditions. Also casual was the pilot’s failure to maintain adequate terrain clearance resulting in collision with mountainous terrain. Contributing factors were low clouds, fog, mountainous terrain, obscuration, low altitude flying and the pilot’s self-induced pressure.

88. Downloaded from www.avhf.com Accident Information Date: November 21, 1998 Time: 5:43 PM EST Location: Edgewater, Maryland Aircraft Type: RV-6, N956DB Injuries: 1 Fatality

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90. Pilot Information Age: 56 Certificates: Private Pilot - SEL - MEL Instrument Rating Medical: Second Class Total Time: 1345 Hours Time in Type: 31 Hours Time Last 90 Days: 15 Hours Occupation: Actor

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95. NTSB Probable Cause v The pilot’s failure to maintain adequate altitude/clearance from the trees. Contributing to the accident was the pilot’s unfamiliarity with the geographic location and dark night conditions.

96. Downloaded from www.avhf.com Accident Information Date: August 11, 2001 Time: 7:20 PM EDT Location: Rohrersville, Maryland Aircraft Type: Piper Arrow, N2869F Injuries: 3 Fatalities

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98. Pilot Information Age: 57 Certificates: Private Pilot - SEL Medical: Third Class Total Time: 2000 Hours Time in Type: Unknown Time Last 90 Days: Unknown Occupation: Retired Military Dental Technician

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101. NTSB Probable Cause v NOT DETERMINED

102. Downloaded from www.avhf.com Be careful or you could end up being an accident statistic!