3. Superclass Osteichthyes bony fishes
Class Actinopterygii
Ray finned fishes
Class Sarcopterygii (lobe fin fishes)
Lung fishes
Coelocanth

4. Class Actinopterygii

5. Class Actinopterygii characteristics
bony dermal scales: ganoid, cycloid and ctenoid

6. Class Actinopterygii characteristics
paired fins and gills
well developed skull with 60 bones
Notochord; persists in some absent in others
Homocercal tail
bony skeleton
Operculum covering gills- more effective respiration

7. Class Actinopterygii characteristics
heart is 2 chambered, 4 pairs of aortic arches
have a mesonephritic kidney

8. Class Actinopterygii characteristics
sexes separate; fertilization is usually external;
oviparous (lay eggs); most
some are ovoviviparous (eggs develop in female and she gives birth to live young

9. Class Actinopterygii characteristics
Osmoregulation
in freshwater fishes
the fish is hyperosmotic and
therefore the kidney is used to get rid of excess water

10. Class Actinopterygii characteristics
Osmoregulation
in marine fishes
the fish is hypoosmotic
have lower salt content in blood than in sea water
so they tend to gain salt and lose water.

11. Class Actinopterygii characteristics
have a swim bladder; some have lost it;
swim bladder allows for fishes to maintain themselves in water column without expending much energy
a floatation devise
Swim bladders probably evolved from lungs of primitive bony fishes.

12. Class Actinopterygii characteristics
Two types of swim bladders:
The swim bladders first were attached to the digestive system
i.e., at the esophagus by a pneumatic duct that allowed the bladder to be filled and emptied of air.
In advanced bony fishes this connection is lost and the swim bladder is separate from esophagus.
They have a very specialized gland called the rete mirabilis
which is able to keep the pressure in the swimbladder stabiliz

13. Class Actinopterygii characteristics
Two types of migration seen in fishes
Anadromous-
migrating from salt water to freshwater to reproduce;
spend adult life in sea
ex. salmon (born in freshwater then migrate to sea when reach adulthood migrate back to spawning grounds)
Catadromous -
migrating from freshwater to salt water to reproduce;
spend adult life in freshwater
ex. eels (born in Sargassum Sea migrate to rivers in

14. Anadromous migration e.g. salmon

15. Anadromous migration e.g. salmon

16. Catadromous migration e.g. freshwater eel

17. Feeding in Fishes Carnivorous - prey on large variety of animals
Herbivorous - eat plants
Omnivorous - eat both plants and animals
Filter Feeders - able to filter water of plankton and detritus
Scavengers - feed on decaying plants and animals
All the above have to do with mouth morphology

18. Class Sarcopterygii lobe finned fishes
Have a fleshy lobe at base of paired fins
Precursor of appendage to support body
Diphycercal tail
Includes
Lungfishes
Coelocanth
Only 7 species exit worldwide