Download presentation
Presentation is loading. Please wait.
Published byAmi Reed Modified over 9 years ago
1
Buoyancy and Swim Bladders
2
Born: 4 Jan 1643 in Woolsthorpe, England Died: 31 March 1727 in London, England Sir Isaac Newton
3
Newton: For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction Kerosene Oxygen 1000 0 Pressure at the sides of the combustion chamber oppose each other, but there is no pressure opposite the pressure exerted on the top of the chamber.
4
Newton II 50 PSI 10 PSI The blades push water backward, so the pressure on the back (pushing) side of the blades is higher than the pressure on the front. USS Ichthyology
5
Swimming in Ostracoderms Newton in Action Fish’s fin pushes water upward and backward Water pressure pushes fish forward and the tail down. For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. The water goes one way, the fish goes the other. Reverse Heterocercal Tail
6
Newton in Action II
7
Normal swimming will scoot the fish along just above the bottom. If he swims too fast, the fish will flip right over!
8
Hetrocercal Tail
17
Homocercal tails
18
Modern Fish - Homocercal Tail WaterFish Homocercal tails provide thrust, but not lift.
21
Modern Fin Placement More primitive fish. Fins designed to provide lift and maneuverability More modern fish. Fins relocated and used only for maneuvering.
22
A.Primitive B.Intermediate C.Advanced
23
A.Primitive B.Intermediate C.Advanced
24
A.Primitive B.Intermediate C.Advanced
25
A.Primitive B.Intermediate C.Advanced
26
A.Primitive B.Intermediate C.Advanced
27
A.Primitive B.Intermediate C.Advanced
28
A.Primitive B.Intermediate C.Advanced
29
A.Primitive B.Intermediate C.Advanced A.Primitive B.Intermediate C.Advanced
30
A.Primitive B.Intermediate C.Advanced
31
A.Primitive B.Intermediate C.Advanced
32
A.Primitive B.Intermediate C.Advanced
33
A.Primitive B.Intermediate C.Advanced
34
A.Primitive B.Intermediate C.Advanced
35
A.Primitive B.Intermediate C.Advanced
36
A.Primitive B.Intermediate C.Advanced
37
A.Primitive B.Intermediate C.Advanced
38
Shark Buoyancy
39
Born: 4 Jan 1643 in Woolsthorpe, England Died: 31 March 1727 in London, England Sir Isaac Newton
41
Bernouli (born 1667 AD):
43
Bernouli and Wings Fish Air Air moving along the longer route over the wing moves faster so its pressure drops. This means that the pressure on the bottom of the wing is higher than the pressure on the top.
44
Long Route Air Goes Faster Pressure is lower Short Route Air Goes Slower Pressure is Higher Delta
46
=
49
Airplane Wing Effect
50
Archimedes (born 287 BC):
51
USS Ichthyology Archimedes: An object floats if it can displace a mass of water equal to the mass of the object.
52
Objects float if their average density (g/cm 3 ) is less than that of the liquid around them
53
Seawater Density = 1.026 g/cm 3 How un- dense does a shark need to be to float ? <1.026 g/cm 3
54
What about bones?
56
Bone Density = 2 g/cm 3
57
Cartilage 1.1 g/cm 3
60
Buoyancy in a Bottle
63
Sharks have cartilage instead of heavy bones
64
Placoid Scales
65
Sharks have light scales
67
Shark Liver lipid (0.90-0.96 g/cm3) squalene (0.86 g/cm3) wax esters (0.88 g/cm3)
68
Light Lipids help sharks float
70
Shark Buoyancy Water Shark Shark body is wing shaped Pectoral fin pushes water down so lifts shark up. Liver full of light- weight lipids Lightweight Skeleton & scales
71
Filling Swim Bladders in Physoclists Hemoglobin 201
72
Swim Bladder Types Physostome: Has a duct from esophagus to swim bladder Physoclis: Has no duct
73
Physoclist Swim Bladder Anatomy Swim Bladder Oval Gas Gland Gas In Gas Out Gas gland makes lactic acid
74
How do you deliver gas from blood ? 1. Diffusion 2. Bohr Effect (low pH means lower affinity oxy:Hb bond)
76
Root Effect If pH drops even lower.. The capacity of hemoglobin to carry oxygen drops Example: Now it can only carry a max of 3, not 4 Occurs at a pH lower than that of normal tissues. Hb OO O X
77
Gas Gland Function Root and Bohr Lactic Acid from gas gland INSIDE SWIM BLADDER Oxygen
78
Salting Out Lactic Acid from gas gland INSIDE SWIM BLADDER Oxygen, Nitrogen, Carbon Dioxide
79
NNOOOOOO Lactic Acid
80
Swim Bladder Oval Gas pressure pushes gas in Gas moves from high to low pressure
81
Physoclist Swim Bladder Anatomy 1)Bohr effect 2)Root effect 3)Salting out 4)Countercurrent exchange Swim Bladder Oval Gas Gland
82
Coelacanth
83
Quiz How fins work Fin position, evolution, buoyancy How sharks maintain buoyancy How physoclists fill their swim bladders
Similar presentations
© 2025 SlidePlayer.com. Inc.
All rights reserved.