1. ADJECTIVE CLAUSES WITH SUBJECT RELATIVE PRONOUNS

2. We use adjective clauses also called relative clauses to identify or give additional information about
nouns (people, places, or things) OR
indefinite pronouns such as: someone, somebody, something, another, and other(s).

3. EXAMPLE: I know the woman who lives there. Adjective Clause
Identifies the woman we are talking about.

4. EXAMPLE: Adjective Clause Rome is a city which attracts tourists.
Gives additional information about the city.

5. The adjective clause directly follows the noun (or pronoun) it is describing. Example Correct: Someone who has a lot of friends is lucky. Incorrect: Someone is lucky who has a lot of friends.
Pronoun
Pronoun

6. I have a friend. + She loves to shop.
Sentences with adjective clauses can be seen as a combination of two sentences.
I have a friend. + She loves to shop.
I have a friend who loves to shop.

7. ADJECTIVE CLAUSES ARE INTRODUCED BY RELATIVE PRONOUNS
Subject Relative Pronouns are the following:
Who
That
Which

8. Note: That is less formal than who
1) Who or That for
Note: That is less formal than who
I have a friend who lives in Mexico.
I have a friend that lives in Mexico.
people

9. Who is used only for people.
Who is the subject of the clause.
After who you should see a verb.

10. Yoko told me about the students…………
Yoko told me about the students…………. have taken the entrance exam 13 times. 14
Who
Whom
Which
1 & 3

11. People…………. moved a lot have fewer friends.14
Whom
Who
That
2 & 3

12. 2) WHICH OR THAT FOR
Places or things
Note: That is less formal than which New York is a city which never sleeps. New York is a city that never sleeps.

13. The hat…………. Tom is wearing is unusual.14
That
Who
Which
1 & 3

14. Example: He’s the man whose dog barks all day.
3) WHOSE + NOUN
People’s Possessions
Example: He’s the man whose dog barks all day.
noun
Relative pronoun

15. That is the man………… daughter won the spelling bee.14
Which
Whose
Who
that

16. BE CAREFUL!
When whose + noun is the subject of an adjective clause, the verb agrees in number with the subject of the adjective clause. Meg is a person whose friends depend on her.
Adjective Clause
Whose + noun
Subject of the Adjective Clause

17. Most people…………friends………
Most people…………friends……….. (include) members of the sports team are active. 14
Who, includes
Whose, includes
That, include
Whose, include

18. BE CAREFUL!
Do not use both a subject relative pronoun and a subject pronoun (I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they) in the same adjective clause.

19. IS THIS SENTENCE CORRECT?
Scott is someone who he loves sports. Correct: Scott is someone who loves sports.

20. REMEMBER:
Subject Relative Pronouns have the same form in singular or plural nouns, and masculine or feminine nouns. Look at the following examples:

21. That’s the man who lives next door
That’s the man who lives next door. That’s the woman who lives next door. Those are the people who live next door.
Singular and Masculine
Singular and Feminine
Plural

22. Ben is my friend who lives in Boston.
REMEMBER:
The verb in the adjective clause is singular if the subject relative pronoun refers to a singular noun.
Ben is my friend who lives in Boston.
Singular Noun
Singular Verb

23. Al and Ed are my friends who live in Boston.
REMEMBER:
The verb in the adjective clause is plural if the subject relative pronoun refers to a plural noun.
Al and Ed are my friends who live in Boston.
Plural Noun
Plural Verb

24. He is a person …………. friends trust him.14
Who
His
That
Whose

25. I’m looking for an electric can opener……… also can sharpen knives.14
Who
Whose
That
None of the above