1. Molecular Cell Biology
Professor Dawei Li
Textbook: MOLECULAR CELL BIOLOGY 6th Ed
Lodish • Berk • Kaiser • Krieger • Scott • Bretscher •Ploegh • Matsudaira
Part 2. Genetics and Molecular Biology
1. Review Chapter 4
2. Student Presentations
3. Chapter 5: Key Figures
4. Answer Questions

2. Analyze the Data: Chapter 3 Answer Keys
Proteins 3, 5, 6, and 7 do not change in response to the drug. Protein 1 declines in response to the drug. Proteins 2 and 4 are induced in response to the drug.
Proteins 2, 3 and 6 are phosphoproteins; the others are not. Protein 2 is a phosphoprotein normally present in cells whose level increases in response to the drug. Protein 3 is not a phosphoprotein in control cells and is phosphorylated in response to the drug. Protein 6 is a phosphoprotein whose level does not change in response to the drug.
Proteins 1 and 6 are strictly nuclear proteins. Proteins 2, 3, and 4 are strictly cytoplasmic proteins. Protein 5 is present in the nucleus and cytoplasm. Protein 7 is a cytoplasmic protein that migrates to the nucleus in response to drug treatment.

3. d. Protein 1 is a nuclear protein whose level declines in response to drug treatment. Protein 2 is a cytoplasmic phosphoprotein whose level increases in response to drug treatment. Protein 3 is a cytoplasmic phosphoprotein whose level does not change in response to drug treatment. Protein 4 is a cytoplasmic protein whose level increases in response to drug treatment. Protein 5 is a nuclear and cytoplasmic protein whose level does not change in response to drug treatment. Protein 6 is a nuclear phosphoprotein whose level does not change in response to drug treatment. Protein 7 is a cytoplasmic protein which migrates from the cytoplasm to the nucleus, in response to drug treatment.

4. Viral Capsids Are Regular Arrays of One or a Few Types of Protein
Review 4.7 Viruses
Viral Capsids Are Regular Arrays of One or a Few Types of Protein
FIGURE 4-44
Virion structures

5. Viruses Can Be Cloned and Counted in Plaque Assays
EXPERIMENTAL FIGURE 4-45(a)
The plaque assay determines the number of infectious particles in a viral suspension

6. EXPERIMENTAL FIGURE 4-45(b)
The plaque assay determines the number of infectious particles in a viral suspension

7. Lytic Viral Growth Cycles Lead to the Death of Host Cells
FIGURE 4-46
Lytic replication cycle of a nonenveloped bacterial virus

8. FIGURE 4-47
Lytic replication cycle of an enveloped, animal virus

9. EXPERIMENTAL FIGURE 4-48
Progeny virions are released by budding

10. Viral DNA Is Integrated into the Host-Cell Genome in Some Nonlytic Viral Growth Cycles
FIGURE 4-49
Retroviral life sycle

11. © 2008 W. H. Freeman and Company
CHAPTER 5
Molecular Genetic Techniques
© 2008 W. H. Freeman and Company

12. OUTLINE 5.1 Genetic Analysis of Mutations to Identify and Study Genes
5.2 DNA cloning and Characterization
5.3 Using Cloned DNA Fragments to Study Gene Expression
5.4 Identifying and Locating Human Disease Genes
5.5 Inactivating the Function of Specific Genes in Eukaryotes

13. 5.1 Genetic Analysis of Mutations to Identify and Study Genes
FIGURE 5-1
Overview of two strategies for relating the function,location, and structure of gene products

14. Segregation of Mutations in Breeding Experiments Reveals Their Dominance or Recessivity
FIGURE 5-3
Comparision of mitosis and meiosis

15. FIGURE 5-4(a)
Segregation patterns of dominant and recessive mutations in crosses between true-breeding strains of diploid organisms

16. FIGURE 5-4(b)
Segregation patterns of dominant and recessive mutations in crosses between true-breeding strains of diploid organisms

17. Conditional Mutations
Conditional Mutations Can Be Used to Study Essential Genes in Yeast
FIGURE 5-6(a)
Haploid yeasts carrying temperature-sensitive lethal mutations are maintained at permissive temperature and analyzed at nonpermissive temperature

18. FIGURE 5-6(b)
Haploid yeasts carrying temperature-sensitive lethal mutations are maintained at permissive temperature and analyzed at nonpermissive temperature

19. Complementation Analysis
Complementation Tests Determine Whether Different Recessive Mutations Are in the Same Gene
FIGURE 5-7
Complementation analysis determines whether recessive mutations are in the same or different genes

20. Double Mutations Are Useful in Assessing the Order in Which Proteins Function
FIGURE 5-8(a)
Analysis of double mutants often can order the steps in biosynthetic or signaling pathways

21. FIGURE 5-8(b)
Analysis of double mutants often can order the steps in biosynthetic or signaling pathways

22. Genetic Suppression and Synthetic Lethality Can Reveal Interacting or Redundant Proteins
FIGURE 5-9
Mutations that result in genetic suppression or synthetic lethality reveal interacting or redundant proteins

23. Linkage Analysis
Genes Can Be Identified by Their Map Position on the Chromosome
FIGURE 5-10(a)
Recombination during meiosis can be used to map the position of genes

24. Linkage Analysis FIGURE 5-10(b)
Recombination during meiosis can be used to map the position of genes

25. KEY WORDS Allete 等位基因 Mutation 突变 Mutagen Genotype 基因型 Wild type 野生型
Phenotype 表型
Haploid
单倍体
Diploid
二倍体
Heterozygous
杂合子
Homozygous
纯合子
Recessive 隐性
Dominant 显性
Point mutation
点突变
Gemete
Mitosis
有丝分裂

26. Germ cells
Meiosis
减数分裂
Homolog
纯合子
Homologous chromosome
同源染色体
Segregation
Type a
Temperature-sensitive mutation
温度敏感型突变株
Cell cycle
细胞周期
Genetic complementation
Suppressor mutation
Synthetic lethal mutation
Genetic mapping
Recombination 重组
Crossing over
Locus
Genetic marker
遗传标记
linkage

27. DNA cloning
基因克隆
Recombinant DNA
重组DNA
Restriction enzyme
限制性内切酶
DNA ligase
DNA连接酶
Restriction fragment
限制片段
Okazaki fragment
冈崎片段
Transformation 转化
DNA library
DNA文库
Complementary DNAs (cDNAs)
Reverse transcriptase
反转录酶
Probe 探针
Hybridization 杂交
Functional complementation
Shuttle vector
穿梭质粒
Electrophoresis 电泳
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
聚合酶链式反应
Mobile DNA element

28. Southern Blotting
Northern blotting
Hybridization 杂交
DNA microarray
DNA微阵列
Expression vector
表达载体
Promoter
启动子
Transfection 转染
Epitope
抗原决定簇
Autosome
DNA-based molecular marker
Restriction fragment length polymorphisms(RFLP)
限制片段长度多态性
Germ line
细胞系
Gene knockout
基因敲除
Embryonic stem cells
胚胎干细胞
Chimeras
Dominant-negative mutation
显隐性突变
transgene
转基因

29. Review the Concepts in p212 Analyze the Data in p213
Transgenic
转基因
RNA interference (RNAi)
Micro RNAs (miRNAs)
小RNA
Other key words in p212
Review the Concepts in p212
Analyze the Data in p213