1. 2008 Emissions Inventory for the Municipality of Juárez, Chihuahua, Mexico January 23, 2014 Presented by Marty Wolf, ERG Meeting of the Joint Advisory Committee for the Improvement of Air Quality – Paso Del Norte 1

2. Inventory Objective & Scope  Objective – Develop 2008 base year emissions inventory for ozone modeling  Scope –Pollutants – NO x, SO 2, VOC, CO, PM 10, and PM 2.5 –Source types – point, area, on-road motor vehicle, nonroad mobile, biogenic –Inventory domain – municipality of Juárez –Annual resolution – annual (tpy) –Spatial resolution – municipality-level 2

3. Source Types  Point sources – federal and state jurisdiction sources  Area sources – fuel combustion, evaporative, fires, miscellaneous  On-road motor vehicles  Nonroad mobile sources – aircraft, locomotives, and construction and agricultural equipment  Biogenic sources – vegetation VOC and soil NO x 3

4. Inventory Objective - Contractors  Objective – Work with Mexico-based contractors –ERG – lead technical contractor –UT – project prime contractor –Juárez-based subcontractors (TransEngineering, ITCJ, Arturo Woocay Consulting, Mares Vazquez Consulting)  Accurate “on the ground” data collection and verification  Develops skills and capacity for future emission inventories 4

5. Inventory Development  Phase I – completed August 2011 –Area sources –On-road motor vehicles –Nonroad mobile sources –Biogenic sources  Phase II – completed June 2013 –Point sources 5

6. Point Sources  Based upon 2008 Mexico NEI  Focus on QA of reported emissions  Emissions provided for 182 sources – 89 federal, 87 state, 6 duplicate  Emissions primarily from federal jurisdiction sources, except for VOC  Largest sectors – electricity and cement/lime  Secondary sectors – petroleum, petrochemical, automotive, chemical 6

7. Point Source – Spatial QA  Emphasis on ozone modeling – spatial location is important  Identified 45 facilities for field spatial check –26 facilities with coordinates outside municipality –8 facilities with coordinates in residential areas –11 facilities with significant emissions (i.e., “high emitters”)  Field survey check conducted by Arturo Woocay Consulting and Mares Vazquez Consulting 7

8. Field Check Results – Before and After QA 8

9. Point Source – Emissions QA  Fuel consumption – should have combustion pollutants  Solvent usage – should have VOC  Total PM ≥ PM 10 ≥ PM 2.5  Industry type should match reported emissions –Gasoline terminals – VOC –Cement and concrete plants – PM 10 and PM 2.5  Facilities with similar fuel consumption should have similar emissions 9

10. Area Sources  Local Data –Industry – natural gas and LPG suppliers, PEMEX –Government – General Directorate of Public Works, Fire Department, SAGARPA, U.S. Bureau of Transportation Statistics, Junta Municipal de Agua y Saneamiento (JMAS)  Studies –San Luis Río Colorado, Sonora consumer products survey study –Brick kiln study 10

11. Area Sources – Results – NO x (tpy) 11

12. On-Road Motor Vehicles  General Methodology –Based on methodology initially developed for 1999 Mexico NEI –Road link/segment VKT developed using traffic and congestion modeling –MOBILE6-Mexico emission factors developed for each link/segment (by season, speed, ambient temperature) 12

13. On-Road Motor Vehicles  Traffic and Congestion Modeling –Urban area of Juárez –Federal Highway 2 (towards state of Sonora) –Federal Highway 45 (towards city of Chihuahua) –Road network, trip generation rates, and demographic and socio-economic information 13

14. On-Road Motor Vehicles – Road Network 14

15. On-Road Motor Vehicles – Traffic Volumes 15

16. On-Road Motor Vehicles – Results – NO x (tpy) 16

17. On-Road Motor Vehicles – Results – VOC (tpy) 17

18. Nonroad Mobile Sources  Aircraft LTOs by airframe make and model – González International Airport  Locomotive fuel use – Ferromex  Agricultural and construction equipment – NONROAD-Mexico model 18

19. Biogenic Sources  Biogenic sources – vegetation VOC and soil NO x  Estimated using GloBEIS model (Version 3.1) and Mexico-specific land use data set  Land use data from INEGI and IMIP  Meteorological data from NCDC 19

20. Overall Results – NO x (tpy) 20

21. Overall Results – VOC (tpy) 21

22. Summary of Results (tpy) 22 NA = not applicable; NE = not estimated

23. Areas of Potential Improvement  Review of point source COAs  Addition of PM 10 /PM 2.5 sources – on-road motor vehicles, paved/unpaved roads, windblown dust, construction dust  Migration from MOBILE6 to MOVES  More frequent inventory updates 23

24. Acknowledgements  TCEQ – Stephen Niemeyer, Ross Pumfrey, Victor Valenzuela, Gina Posada  UT – David Sullivan  SEMARNAT – David Alejandro Parra Romero, Hugo Landa Fonseca, Gerardo Tarin  Subcontractors – TransEngineering, ITCJ, Arturo Woocay, Jose Maria Mares 24

25. Gracias por su atención Questions or comments? Marty Wolf Eastern Research Group, Inc. (ERG) Sacramento, CA 916-635-6594 marty.wolf@erg.com 25