1. Medspiration user meeting, dec 4-6 Use of Medspiration and GHRSST data in the Northern Seas Jacob L. Høyer & Søren Andersen Center for Ocean and Ice, Danish Meteorological Institute

2. Medspiration user meeting, dec 4-6 Outline 1.Existing operational SST analysis for the North Sea and Baltic Seas 2.New SST analysis for North Atlantic, with focus on the Greenland waters 3.Conclusions and recommendations to Medspiration

3. Medspiration user meeting, dec 4-6 SST analysis for the North Sea/Baltic Sea SST analysis using optimal interpolation Developed under the FP 5 project ODON. Operational for 3 years Local covariances, in x.y and time Multiplatform with satellite dependent error estimates Only nighttime data Bias corrections from in situ comparisons Current spatial resolution: 0.03 degrees Data ingested: O&SI-SAF, AVHRR 2 km, AATSR 1 km, (AMSR-E) Future: to be delivered within the Mersea project in netcdf format on an opendap server

4. Medspiration user meeting, dec 4-6 Regional covariances - Spatial correlations -+50 km in x and y, averaged for 100x100 km bins -Contour intervals 0.1

5. Medspiration user meeting, dec 4-6 OI validation Predictions compared against independent satellite and in situ observations: OI RMS error o C Number of observations Satellite data (every 36 obs) 0.6930290 In situ data0.8016810 Theoretical OI error 0.77All grid points Satellite validation In situ validation Reference: Høyer & She, JMS, 2006

6. Medspiration user meeting, dec 4-6 Satellite error correlations The satellite error is correlated in space, not in time Satellite correlation In situ correlation SpaceTime In situ correlation Satellite correlation Correlations are calculated where both satellite and in situ observations are available German Bight test case: Daily real-time corrections based on bouy observations show RMS error improvements of more than 0.2 o C

7. Medspiration user meeting, dec 4-6 Applications of North Sea/Baltic Sea SST analysis Used for NWP high resolution setup Used for assimilation into a North Sea/Baltic Sea 3D model. Several assimilation schemes tried out, Ensemble Kalman, simplified Kalman, simplified Kalman+OI SST Best combination was a simplified Kalman filter + OI SST fields Reference: Larsen, Høyer & She, JMS, 2006

8. Medspiration user meeting, dec 4-6 Extension of OI scheme to other areas To support the round the world danish expedition, Galathea 3, a high resolution 0.05 degrees analysis has been made to cover the cruise track. Onboard research is guided by SST fields Focus area is the Greenland waters Based on the OSI-SAF, Medspiration and GHRSST data (ATSR, AVHRR, AMSR-E, TMI, SEVIRI 5km, (MODIS high res ). Very easy to set up new areas Static bias corrections based upon comparisons with in situ observations Individual satellite errors from in situ comparisons Experimenting with temporal bias corrections Weekly reruns to include delayed data

9. Medspiration user meeting, dec 4-6 Galathea 3 route covered with high resolution SST analysis products Areas with high resolution SST analysis Aug. 2006 -> April 2007

10. Medspiration user meeting, dec 4-6 Presentation in Java and GoogleEarth www.satelliteeye.dk Todays analysis + other data ocean.dmi.dk 30 days archive and animations

11. Medspiration user meeting, dec 4-6 Validation of the SST observations and the analysis Validation period: 2 months, Sep, Oct, 2006, North Atlantic Area In situ observations: Argo floats and buoy obs from GTS network. Nighttime satellite data Daily validation statistics produced SST productN matchups BiasStderr ATSR3300.120.36 SAF, NAR28985-0.220.77 AMSR-E25121-0.020.72 MODIS-A36359-0.761.2 NAVO-LAC25583-0.020.72 NAVO_GAC16628-0.020.67 OI SST NATL471100.020.70

12. Medspiration user meeting, dec 4-6 Applications and future Applications ”Assimilated” into the HYCOM model of the North Atlantic Future Compare with OSTIA and Medspiration analysis using DDS Improve statistics near ice Reference all satellite data to one satellite (AATSR ?) to make a very high resolution Greeland/Arctic product

13. Medspiration user meeting, dec 4-6 MCS L4 SST products ? Arctic L4 from DMI and met.no Challenging with L4 SST analysis in the presence of ice and close to ice edges, with temporally dependent statistics along with changing ice extent Met.no and DMI have expertise and observations from the operational ice mapping services and with high latitude SST and level 4 generation Full arctic coverage with special emphasis on the Nordic Seas, Greenland waters (DMI) and around Svalbard + Barents Sea (Met.no) Data in full resolution from SAF O&SI and Medspiration/GHRSST follow on: AVHRR, AATSR, METOP, AMSRE and ice products Include Sea ice temperature ? when/if level 2 data will be available. Need for coordination and sharing of knowledge with other regional level 4 products

14. Medspiration user meeting, dec 4-6 Conclusions and Feedback Important with regional high resolution level 4 analysis, using regional covariances and error statistics. Ice information important and statistics in vicinity of ice Feedback Very nice with the common data format, continue please !! Delay of several days on the AMSRE data Elevated errors on Modis Aqua data ? AATSR data look very good, but few measurements Different quality flags, AATSR vs. e.g. AVHRR Seviri 5 km hourly nighttime data look good