1. Employment Trendswww.ilo.org/trends Key Indicators of the Labour Market 5th Edition Lawrence Jeff Johnson Chief, Employment Trends International Labour Organisation Geneva, Switzerland

2. Employment Trendswww.ilo.org/trends Global Unemployment, 2006

3. Employment Trendswww.ilo.org/trends Unemployment Rates: by Region, 2006

4. Employment Trendswww.ilo.org/trends Global Employment by Sector

5. Employment Trendswww.ilo.org/trends Starting Point In today’s world of widening inequality, differences in productivity emerge as an important policy factor towards creating the conditions for decent work and poverty reduction. The promotion of decent and productive work should be the central aim of economic development

6. Employment Trendswww.ilo.org/trends World leaders further agreed to several important targets at the 2005 World Summit. They recommending the incorporation of these commitments into the set of targets used to follow up on the Millennium Declaration. This includes: a new target under … Report of the Secretary-General on the work of the Organization MDG 1: to make the goals of full and productive employment and decent work for all, including for women and young people, a central objective of our relevant national and international policies and our national development strategies; …..

7. Employment Trendswww.ilo.org/trends Revised Framework for the Monitoring of the MDGs Target 1 B “Make achieving full and productive employment and decent work for all, including for women and young people, a central objective of our relevant national and international polices and our national development strategies.”

8. Employment Trendswww.ilo.org/trends Indicators for Target 1b Employment-to-population ratios for persons aged 15+ and youth (15-24) by sex Vulnerable employment The share of working poor (US$1 a day) in total employment Labour productivity

9. Employment Trendswww.ilo.org/trends New Target 1bis has 3 specific dimensions: Full Employment Productive Employment Decent Employment No Single Labour Market Indicator exists today that would address all three dimensions of the target or meet the specified requirements

10. Employment Trendswww.ilo.org/trends Employment-to-population ratios

11. Employment Trendswww.ilo.org/trends Employment and the Share of Working Poor 1996-2006

12. Employment Trendswww.ilo.org/trends US$1 working poverty around the world (global estimate 507 million in 2006) Source: ILO, Working Moor Model 2006

13. Employment Trendswww.ilo.org/trends US$2 working poverty around the world (global estimate 1.4 Billion in 2006) Source: ILO, Working Moor Model 2006

14. Employment Trendswww.ilo.org/trends 430 million new entrants into the global labour force (2005-2015)

15. Employment Trendswww.ilo.org/trends Global Share of Working Poor in Total Employment

16. Employment Trendswww.ilo.org/trends Vulnerable Employment Shares

17. Employment Trendswww.ilo.org/trends Share of working poor living below US$1 a day

18. Employment Trendswww.ilo.org/trends Labour Productivity

19. Employment Trendswww.ilo.org/trends Change in working poverty and levels of labour productivity, selected economies, 1996-2006

20. Employment Trendswww.ilo.org/trends Change in working poverty and vulnerable employment, selected economies, 1996-2006

21. Employment Trendswww.ilo.org/trends Increased Productivity Increased Real Wages Increased Earnings Poverty Alleviation Productivity & Output Growth Increased Well-Being & Diminished Inequality Increased Investments & Demand Sustainable & Expanding Growth Decent Work & Employment Growth Poverty Alleviation Increased Real Earnings & Social Benefits Technological Improvements Increased Demand, Increased Output Increased Demand & Well-Being Increased Technological Change Virtuous Spiral

22. Employment Trendswww.ilo.org/trends Which Regions will Reach The Goal of Full, Decent and Productive Employment?

23. Employment Trendswww.ilo.org/trends Example: Pakistan Recent economic growth accelerated from 2 % in 1999-2000 to over 7 % since 2003-04 Strong economic growth translated into more than 4 % annual employment growth from 2000 to 2006 During the same period (2000-06) vulnerable employment decreased by 2.5 % points, or 0.8 million annually For most sectors, vulnerable employment decreased Working poverty ($1) decreased by 2.8 million, working poverty ($2) increased by 6.7 million (low productivity growth)

24. Employment Trendswww.ilo.org/trends Pakistan: Vulnerable employment by Economic Sector 1999-00 and 2005-06

25. Employment Trendswww.ilo.org/trends Pakistan: vulnerable employment & economic sector, 2005-06

26. Employment Trendswww.ilo.org/trends Conclusion The indicator on vulnerable employment provides a powerful tool to assess decent work deficits Examinations at the sector level allow for a better focus on decent work deficits and the development of policies

27. Employment Trendswww.ilo.org/trends Key Indicators of the Labour Market 5th Edition Lawrence Jeff Johnson Chief, Employment Trends International Labour Organisation Geneva, Switzerland