1. PEDESTRIAN SAFETY INFORMATION AND PREVENTION

2. TRAINING OBJECTIVES Recognize the risk factors that make children susceptible to pedestrian injuries or fatalities. Recognize the risk factors that make children susceptible to pedestrian injuries or fatalities. Identify guidelines parents and adults can apply that can keep children safe from pedestrian injury. Identify guidelines parents and adults can apply that can keep children safe from pedestrian injury.

3. PEDESTRIAN SAFETY According to the American College of Emergency Physicians, 68,000 pedestrians were injured in traffic crashes in 2004. On average, a pedestrian is injured every 8 minutes in the United States. According to Safe Kids USA, more than 43,000 children ages 14 and under were treated in hospital emergency rooms in 2001 for pedestrian-related accidents.

4. MISSOURI PEDESTRIAN- RELATED CHILD FATALITIES Of the 91 reviewed motor vehicle fatalities among Missouri children in 2006, eight were pedestrians; three of those were age four and under; three others were between the ages of five and nine. Of the 91 reviewed motor vehicle fatalities among Missouri children in 2006, eight were pedestrians; three of those were age four and under; three others were between the ages of five and nine.

5. In 2006, a six-year-old was crossing the street with two other young children, when she started running. She was struck by a passing vehicle. In 2006, a six-year-old was crossing the street with two other young children, when she started running. She was struck by a passing vehicle.

6. In 2006, a and run over by the rear wheel. In 2006, a four-year-old was left to play in the back yard of his home while the father went to back his truck into the garage. The child entered the garage as the truck was backing in, was struck and run over by the rear wheel.

7. PEDESTRIAN DEATHS AMONG CHILDREN According to Safe Kids USA, children age four and under are at greatest risk of traffic-related pedestrian death and injury. According to Safe Kids USA, children age four and under are at greatest risk of traffic-related pedestrian death and injury. Most children are struck in streets or driveways near their homes when darting out between parked cars, walking along the edge of the road, or crossing in the middle of the block or in front of a turning car. Most children are struck in streets or driveways near their homes when darting out between parked cars, walking along the edge of the road, or crossing in the middle of the block or in front of a turning car.

8. Safe Kids USA lists other risk factors for children: Safe Kids USA lists other risk factors for children:  Childhood pedestrian injuries occur most often in residential areas and on local roads that are straight, paved and dry.  More than half of all pedestrian injuries occur when a vehicle is backing up.

9.  For all age groups, traffic-related pedestrian death is twice as likely in cities as in the country.  High traffic volume, a high number of parked cars on the street, higher posted speed limits, absence of a divided highway and few pedestrian control devices such as crosswalks are all factors that increase the likelihood of pedestrian injury.

10. According to Safe Kids USA, pedestrian injury remains the second leading cause of unintentional injury-related death among children ages 5 to 14. According to Safe Kids USA, pedestrian injury remains the second leading cause of unintentional injury-related death among children ages 5 to 14. According to the American College of Emergency Physicians, forty percent of all young (under the age of 16) pedestrian fatalities occurred between 3 p.m. and 7 p.m. According to the American College of Emergency Physicians, forty percent of all young (under the age of 16) pedestrian fatalities occurred between 3 p.m. and 7 p.m.

11. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration lists the following as risk factors for young children: The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration lists the following as risk factors for young children:  They can not judge speed or distance of vehicles moving towards them.  They move quickly and can run into the street without warning.  They are small and hard for drivers to see.  They don’t know safety rules and expect adults to watch out for them.

12. PEDESTRIAN SAFETY FOR CHILDREN Safe Kids USA lists the following as guidelines parents can use to keep their children safe:  Do not allow a child under the age of 10 to cross streets alone. Adult supervision is vital until a child demonstrates traffic skills and judgments.

13.  Require children to carry a flashlight at night, dawn, and dusk. Reflective materials should be added to a child’s clothing.  Play in driveways, unfenced yards, and streets or parking lots should be prohibited.  Children should take the same routes to common destinations (such as school) every time/day. Parents should walk with their children to find the safest path. The most direct route with the fewest street crossings should be used.

14. According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, parents should teach the safe street crossing method. Children should be taught to:  Cross with an adult or an older friend.  Cross at an intersection where there are signals.  Use the crosswalk when crossing near a corner. Watch for turning vehicles.

15.  Stop at the curb. Look left, right, left, and over the shoulder for traffic. Continue to look as you cross the street.  Stop to look around parked cars or other objects that block the view of traffic. Let oncoming traffic pass, then look again before crossing, as you cross.  Make eye contact with drivers to make sure they see you.

16. For More Information Safe Kids USA, http://www.usa.safekids.org/tier2_rl.cfm?f older_id=175 Safe Kids USA, http://www.usa.safekids.org/tier2_rl.cfm?f older_id=175 http://www.usa.safekids.org/tier2_rl.cfm?f older_id=175 http://www.usa.safekids.org/tier2_rl.cfm?f older_id=175 American College of Emergency Physicians, American College of Emergency Physicians, http://www.acep.org/patients.aspx? id=26166 http://www.acep.org/patients.aspx? id=26166 National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, http://www.nhtsa.dot.gov/CPS/newtips/i mages/PDFs/CPSafetuTip8.pdf http://www.nhtsa.dot.gov/CPS/newtips/i mages/PDFs/CPSafetuTip8.pdf

17. Missouri Department of Social Services State Technical Assistance Team Address: PO Box 208 Jefferson City, MO 65102-0208 PO Box 208 Jefferson City, MO 65102-0208 Telephone: (573) 751-5980 (800) 487-1626 (8 a.m. to 5 p.m. CST, Monday – Friday) Email: dls.stat@dss.mo.gov