1. Deployment Analysis Under Public Scrutiny Colorado Springs FireDepartment Fire Department © 2002 City of Colorado Springs

2. Background Since 1960, Colorado Springs has increased 433% in population and 1027% in land area. Growth has created inequities in service. Today, 18 fire stations serve a developed area of 120 sq.mi. and 374,000 people.

3. Background continued CSFD has taken on additional missions over the years including BLS and ALS medical response, hazardous materials, and special rescue. Medical incidents make up 70% of the workload.

4. Status in 1997 17 engines and 4 trucks Older stations close together Newer stations far apart Budget constraints Poor truck coverage on north side Funding for additional truck company for 1997 denied

5. Public Controversy 1997-1999 Proposal made to close an older fire station to fund a truck company in a growth area Political battle ensued with residents in area of proposed station Residents challenged accuracy of CSFD deployment analysis City contracted with TriData Corp. in 1998 to conduct study of CSFD

6. Outcomes Spring, 1998 –City council approved funding for new truck company. –City council approved funding for a comprehensive study of the fire department. –City council passed interim standards of coverage

7. Interim Standards of Coverage First unit response within 8-minutes for 90% of the emergency incidents. Effective fire fighting force response within 12-minutes for 90% of structure fires. (Force of 2 engines & 1 aerial ladder truck) These standards apply to each of the 9 Planning Evaluation Zones (PEZs) in the city

8. Planning Evaluation Zones 1 - Central Business Dist. 2 - Westside/Cedar Heights 3 - Northwest 4 - North Central 5 - Southeast 6 - Southwest 7 - North 8 - East Central 9 - East (of Powers)

9. Further Outcomes January, 1999 -- TriData Corporation completed fire department study with recommendation not to close any fire stations April, 1999 -- Citizens approved bonds for capital improvements, including construction of 18th fire station. August, 1999 -- City council adopted interim standards of coverage as permanent standards

10. Fire Stations & Equipment Standards of Coverage: Establish the appropriate number of stations Distribution of stations throughout community Establish levels and location of fire equipment

11. Limitations of Drive-Time Analysis Assumes units available for calls Does not include dispatch and turnout time Does not provide adequate estimate of travel time distribution, only typical travel time

12. CSFD Simulation System Historical Incident Data City Growth Projections WLTraceWLGen ERES Workload Streams Simulation Results

13. Workload Streams Files containing emergency incidents –Date, time of alarm –Incident type –Location Representative of actual occurrences –Time of day of incidents –Mix of incidents (fires, medicals, etc.) –Location

14. Workload Analysis Workload 1 Workload 2 Workload 3 … Workload N Coverage Coverage Estimates for Deployment Point Estimates by PEZ & City Interval Estimates by PEZ & City Coverage Maps Equipment Responses Equipment Utilization

15. ERES Uses input workload stream for basic incident information Simulates CSFD operations (and AMR operations) on input workload Produces –coverage statistics by PEZ and city-wide –unit use statistics for CSFD (and AMR) –coverage maps based on FDZ

16. ERES Is Configurable Number and location of stations Equipment assigned to a station Hours of operations for special units Overhead (training, maintenance, administrative time) for each unit Dispatching policy for incidents

17. ERES Station Equipment Options

18. ERES Dispatching Options

19. ERES Products A variety of coverage statistics by PEZ and city-wide for CSFD alone or with AMR Responses for each unit % utilization of each unit by hour of day Coverage maps based on FDZ

20. ERES Coverage Display

21. Equipment Responses

22. Equipment Utilization

23. Coverage Display

24. Deployment Analysis Historical Coverage City Standards Areas of Concern Proposed Enhancements ERES Simulated Coverage

25. Forecasting Method

26. Projected 2010 Service Levels (with current 18 fire stations)

27. Projected 2010 Service Levels (with 21 fire stations)

28. Uses of the Model Projecting future needs based on growth and workload trends Projecting impact of new development Timing and location of new stations or units