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Thunderstorms Chap. 13 Thunderstorms Severe Weather Tropical Storms Recurring Weather
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Thunderstorms
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The End
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Severe Weather
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The End
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Tropical Storms This image shows damage done by hurricane Lili in 2002
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I. Tropical Cyclones
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A.Energy comes from warm ocean waters
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I. Tropical Cyclones A.Energy comes from warm ocean waters B.Area of low pressure forms as a result of instability
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I. Tropical Cyclones C.Coriolis effect moves air counterclockwise (in N. hemisphere)
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I. Tropical Cyclones C.Coriolis effect moves air counterclockwise (in N. hemisphere) D.Names
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I. Tropical Cyclones C.Coriolis effect moves air counterclockwise (in N. hemisphere) D.Names 1.Typhoons (in western Pacific Ocean)
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I. Tropical Cyclones C.Coriolis effect moves air counterclockwise (in N. hemisphere) D.Names 1.Typhoons (in western Pacific Ocean) 2.Cyclones (Indian ocean)
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I. Tropical Cyclones C.Coriolis effect moves air counterclockwise (in N. hemisphere) D.Names 1.Typhoons (in western Pacific Ocean) 2.Cyclones (Indian ocean) 3.Hurricanes
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I. Tropical Cyclones E.Paths of a storm
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II. Hurricanes
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A.Parts II. Hurricanes
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A.Parts 1.Eye Center of hurricane, characterized by calm winds and low pressure II. Hurricanes
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A.Parts 1.Eye 2.Eyewall Band immediately surrounding eye, where strongest winds are found. II. Hurricanes
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A.Parts B.Stages II. Hurricanes
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A.Parts B.Stages Tropical Depression 38 mph II. Hurricanes
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A.Parts B.Stages Tropical Depression Tropical Storm 38 mph 39-73 mph II. Hurricanes
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A.Parts B.Stages Tropical Depression Tropical Storm Hurricane 38 mph 39-73 mph 74- mph II. Hurricanes
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A.Parts B.Stages C.Categories Use the Saffir-Simpson scale II. Hurricanes
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Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale Category Sustained Winds Damage 174-95 mph Minimal
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Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale Category Sustained Winds Damage 174-95 mph Minimal 296-110 mphModerate
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Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale Category Sustained Winds Damage 174-95 mph Minimal 296-110 mphModerate 3111-130 mphExtensive
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Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale Category Sustained Winds Damage 174-95 mph Minimal 296-110 mphModerate 3111-130 mphExtensive 4131-155 mphExtreme
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Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale Category Sustained Winds Damage 174-95 mph Minimal 296-110 mphModerate 3111-130 mphExtensive 4131-155 mphExtreme 5>155 mphCatastrophic
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II. Hurricanes D.Hazards A ‘mound’ of water driven to shore by hurricane winds (up to 18 ft above normal level) 1.Storm surges
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II. Hurricanes D.Hazards Can cause flooding 1.Storm surges 2.Rains
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II. Hurricanes D.Hazards Can cause severe structural damage. 1.Storm surges 2.Rains 3.Winds
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The End
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Recurring Weather
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I. Floods and Droughts
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A.Floods Occur when more water falls than can infiltrate or runoff an area.
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I. Floods and Droughts A.Floods 1.Flash floods can develop within minutes or hours of rain.
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I. Floods and Droughts A.Floods 1.Flash floods can develop within minutes or hours of rain. 2.Almost half of flood fatalities are vehicle related.
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I. Floods and Droughts A.Floods 1.Flash floods can develop within minutes or hours of rain. 2.Almost half of flood fatalities are vehicle related. 3.Six inches of fast moving water can knock you off your feet.
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I. Floods and Droughts B.Droughts Extended periods of less than normal rainfall.
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I. Floods and Droughts High pressure system with no jet stream activity B.Droughts 1.Causes
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I. Floods and Droughts 1.Causes 2.Effects Affects agriculture, livestock, & people. B.Droughts
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II. Temperature conditions Extended periods of above-normal temperatures A.Heat waves
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II. Temperature conditions 1.Causes Caused by high pressure system – sinking air warms as it’s compressed and blocks cooler air. A.Heat waves
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II. Temperature conditions 1.Causes 2.Humidity adds to discomfort Moisture in the atmosphere decreases evaporation of sweat from your skin. A.Heat waves
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II. Temperature conditions 1.Causes 2.Humidity adds to discomfort 3.Heat index A.Heat waves Table used to determine apparent temperature
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Heat Index
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II. Temperature conditions B.Cold waves Extended period of colder than normal temps.
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II. Temperature conditions 1.Causes B.Cold waves Caused by high pressure polar or arctic air
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II. Temperature conditions 1.Causes 2.Jet stream keeps these air masses moving. B.Cold waves
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II. Temperature conditions 1.Causes 2.Jet stream keeps these air masses moving. 3.Wind enhances the cold sensation. B.Cold waves The wind chill factor estimates the heat lost by human skin due to cold and wind.
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The End
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