1. What do all of these products have in common? ALCOHOL

2. Alcohol Objectives Be able to name some of the alcohols according to the number of carbons in the hydrocarbon chain Work out the formulae of the alcohols if the number of carbons is known Draw the structural formula of some alcohols Describe the properties of alcohols

3. Alcohols Alcohols are a group of organic molecules which contain oxygen. They form a HOMOLOGOUS series.

4. Naming the Alcohols The names of alcohols follow the same pattern as the alkanes and alkenes. The first part of the name relates to the number of carbons in the chain. The second part of the name is -anol

5. 1 carbon 2 carbons 3 carbons 4 carbons 5 carbons Butanol. Methanol Pentanol Ethanol Propanol

6. Activity 1 On your worksheet, complete columns 1 and 2 by writing down the number of carbons and names of the alcohols Hint; meth, eth, prop, but, pent, hex, hept, oct, non, dec

7. No. of C Atoms Name of Alcohol FormulaStructure 1Methanol 2Ethanol 3Propanol 4Butanol 5Pentanol 6Hexanol 7Heptanol 8Octanol 9Nonanol 10Decanol

8. Alkanes C n H 2n+2 CH 4 C 2 H 6 C 3 H 8 C 4 H 10 C 5 H 12 Alkenes C n H 2n C 2 H 4 C 3 H 6 C 4 H 8 C 5 H 10 Alcohols CH 3 OH C 2 H 5 OH C 3 H 7 OH C 4 H 9 OH C 5 H 11 OH C n H 2n+1 OH

9. Formula of Alcohols All alcohols have the formula; C n H 2n+1 OH Methanol CH 3 OH Ethanol C 2 H 5 OH Propanol C 3 H 7 OH

10. Activity 2 On your worksheet, complete the third column in the table by writing down the formulae of the alcohols. Hint; Each time the carbons increase by 1, the hydrogens increase by 2

11. No. of C Atoms Name of Alcohol FormulaStructure 1MethanolCH 3 OH 2EthanolC 2 H 5 OH 3PropanolC 3 H 7 OH 4ButanolC 4 H 9 OH 5PentanolC 5 H 11 OH 6HexanolC 6 H 13 OH 7HeptanolC 7 H 15 OH 8OctanolC 8 H 17 OH 9NonanolC 9 H 19 OH 10DecanolC 10 H 21 OH

12. Structure of Alcohols C – 4 bonds H – 1 bond O – 2 bonds (must be between a C and an H)

13. Methanol C H O H HH

14. Ethanol C H O H HC H H H

15. Activity 3 On your worksheet, complete the last column in the table by drawing the structure of each alcohol. Hint; just add a carbon to the end of the chain each time…..

16. No. of C Atoms Name of Alcohol FormulaStructure 1MethanolCH 3 OH H H-C-O-H H 2EthanolC 2 H 5 OH H H H-C-C-O-H H H 3PropanolC 3 H 7 OH H H H H-C-C-C-O-H H H H 4ButanolC 4 H 9 OH H H H H H-C-C-C-C-O-H H H H H 5PentanolC 5 H 11 OH H H H H H H-C-C-C-C-C-O-H H H H H H 6HexanolC 6 H 13 OH H H H H H H H-C-C-C-C-C-C-O-H H H H H H H 7HeptanolC 7 H 15 OH H H H H H H H H-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-O-H H H H H H H H 8OctanolC 8 H 17 OH H H H H H H H H H-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-O-H H H H H H H H H 9NonanolC 9 H 19 OH H H H H H H H H H H-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-O-H H H H H H H H H H 10DecanolC 10 H 21 O H H H H H H H H H H H H-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-O-H H H H H H H H H H H

17. Properties of Alcohols They are FLAMMABLE/NOT FLAMMABLE Their density ( heaviness ) INCREASES/DECREASES as the number of carbons increases SOME/ALL of them are poisonous Click here for news story

18. No. of C Atoms Name of Alcohol FormulaStructure

19. L.O. I can compare and evaluate methods for the production of ethanol. Sunday, 24 May 2015 Chemistry drop-in clinic lunchtime Thurs 605 What might our lives be like if yeast produced methanol rather than ethanol?

20. Two processes for making ethanol. 1. Fermentation with yeast. 2. Hydration of ethene.

21. 1. Fermentation with yeast. Sugar (glucose) Ethanol + CO 2 yeast C 6 H 12 O 6 2C 2 H 5 OH + 2CO 2

22. 2. Hydration of ethene. ethene + steam ethanol catalyst C 2 H 4 + H 2 O C 2 H 5 OH Told you that ethene would come in handy lad…cracking!

23. Hmm. I like the fermentation of sugars to produce ethanol.

24. But then I like the idea of hydration of ethene too.

25. But which is better?

26. There’s only one way to find out… EVALUATE!

27. Compare and Contrast FermentationHydration Renewable resourceNon-renewable Batch process Continuous SlowFast Impure productPure product Catalyst?Catalyst Green?

28. Ethanol can be made by two processes, ethene reacting with ……………… under pressure in the presence of a ………………., or the fermentation of …………… using enzymes in ……………… Wordbank: catalyst, sugar, yeast, steam How can people claim that the fermentation of plant materials does not contribute to the increase in carbon dioxide in the air? Why is a continuous process better than a batch process for making a product in industry?

29. L.O. I can compare and evaluate methods for the production of ethanol. Sunday, 24 May 2015 Chemistry drop-in clinic lunchtime Thurs 605 What might our lives be like if yeast produced methanol rather than ethanol?