1. Water Security in Iraq Damascus 15 Sep 2010 Central Marshes Irrigated Agriculture

2. What is Water Security? 1.Accessibility in time and space. 2.Utilization of the resource to achieve economic development. 3.Managing the resources sustainably to ensure the right quantity and quality. 1.Accessibility in time and space. 2.Utilization of the resource to achieve economic development. 3.Managing the resources sustainably to ensure the right quantity and quality.

3. What is Water Security? Con’td What is Water Security? Con’td 4. Water Sharing Agreement with riparian countries. 5. Environmental protection. 6. Balancing the demand on the resource. 4. Water Sharing Agreement with riparian countries. 5. Environmental protection. 6. Balancing the demand on the resource.

4. Iran Baghdad Kuwait Jordan Mosul Erbil Najaf Kirkuk Kut Amara Ramadi Samaw Nassirriya Basra Baquba Karbala Sulaimaniya Hilla Duhok Diwaniya Syria Tikrit Saudi Arabia Turkey Euphrates Tigris M.O.D Karkha R. Countries contributing to Euphrates R. Countries contributing to Tigris R. 48 BCM 28 BCM Marshes Max Demand Storing period

5. 5 Tigris Tharthar Outlet Regulator Tigris – Euphrates Regulator Euphrates Shatt Al-Arab Mosul Dam Ramadi Barrage Diyala Weir Adhaim Dam Derbendikham Dam Dokan Dam Haditha Dam Dohuk Dam Hemrin Dam Kut Barrage Ramadi Barrage Fallujah Barrage Tharthar Outlet Regulator Gharaff Regulator Control Structures Current Total Storage: 157 BCM

6. UNCLASSIFIED Kiban 31 BCM 1975 Biricik 1.2 BCM 2000 Kerkamish 0.2 BCM 1999 Tabqa 12 BCM 1975 Tishreen 2 BCM 1999 Dam Construction since mid 1970s Kerkha 8 BCM 2001 Karun 14 BCM 2001-2006 (Series of dams) Duz 3.5 BCM 1962 Ataturk 50 BCM 1990 Kerekaya 10 BCM 1987

7. Declining inflows Trend Line

8. 2005 – 1925Euphrates

9. Storage Volumes Turkish Storages –92BCM on Euphrates –17BCM on Tigris (planned) Syrian Storages –14.5BCM on Euphrates –1.5BCM from Tigris (Previous agreement) Turkish Storages –92BCM on Euphrates –17BCM on Tigris (planned) Syrian Storages –14.5BCM on Euphrates –1.5BCM from Tigris (Previous agreement)

10. How Water Security in Iraq is being impacted? How Water Security in Iraq is being impacted? Intensive construction of dams. Wars, particularly Iraq-Iran war and the occupation of Kuwait. Draining of the marshes. Pollution and degradation of water quality. Fast urbanization. High rate of water use (twice the population growth rate). Intensive construction of dams. Wars, particularly Iraq-Iran war and the occupation of Kuwait. Draining of the marshes. Pollution and degradation of water quality. Fast urbanization. High rate of water use (twice the population growth rate).

11. How Water Security in Iraq is being impacted?... Cont’d How Water Security in Iraq is being impacted?... Cont’d Lack of long term water sharing agreement between riparian countries, Iraq, Syria, Turkey & Iran. Unsustainable approach in managing water resources in the upper reaches of Euphrates and Tigris rivers basins. Lack of long term water sharing agreement between riparian countries, Iraq, Syria, Turkey & Iran. Unsustainable approach in managing water resources in the upper reaches of Euphrates and Tigris rivers basins.

12. How Water Security in Iraq is being impacted?... Cont’d How Water Security in Iraq is being impacted?... Cont’d Total Annual flow 2009 1937-74

13. How Water Security in Iraq is being impacted?...Cont’d

14. Iraq Water Requirement Iraq has 22 million donum of cultivable land  13 million donum are currently cultivated.  4.3 million are equiped with irrigation and drainage network. Water requirement in Iraq is estimated at 70 BCM per annum

15. The way forward Strict national water management strategy based on IWRM principles Long term water sharing agreement. Basin-wide & regional approaches to mitigate and adapt to climate change Strict national water management strategy based on IWRM principles Long term water sharing agreement. Basin-wide & regional approaches to mitigate and adapt to climate change

16. Water Security in Iraq Thank you Dr. Hassan JanabiDr. Hassan Janabi Iraq’s Ambassador to theIraq’s Ambassador to the UN Agencies in RomeUN Agencies in Rome Thank you Dr. Hassan JanabiDr. Hassan Janabi Iraq’s Ambassador to theIraq’s Ambassador to the UN Agencies in RomeUN Agencies in Rome