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Time Resolved FT-IR Analysis of Tailpipe Exhaust for Several Automobiles Allen R. White, James Allen Department of Mechanical Engineering Rose-Hulman Institute.

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Presentation on theme: "Time Resolved FT-IR Analysis of Tailpipe Exhaust for Several Automobiles Allen R. White, James Allen Department of Mechanical Engineering Rose-Hulman Institute."— Presentation transcript:

1 Time Resolved FT-IR Analysis of Tailpipe Exhaust for Several Automobiles Allen R. White, James Allen Department of Mechanical Engineering Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology Dr. Rebecca B. DeVasher Department of Chemistry Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology Advanced Combustion Laboratory

2 Pre-1975: Advanced Combustion Laboratory Engine Tailpipe NO CO HC

3 Role of Catalytic Converter: Advanced Combustion Laboratory Engine Tailpipe Reduction of nitrogen oxides to nitrogen and oxygen: 2NO x → xO 2 + N 2 Oxidation of carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide: 2CO + O 2 → 2CO 2 Oxidation of unburnt hydrocarbons (HC) to carbon dioxide and water: C x H 2x+2 + [(3x+1)/2]O 2 → xCO 2 + (x+1)H 2 O NO CO HC

4 Role of Catalytic Converter: Advanced Combustion Laboratory Engine Tailpipe Catalytic converter Pre-1975 Post-1975

5 Role of Catalytic Converter: Advanced Combustion Laboratory Reductions depend on both catalyst material and temperature

6 Infrared Spectroscopy Interest for Automotive Purposes Advanced Combustion Laboratory 1942 Packard 2002 Toyota Prius Ganske, Jane A. The Chemical Educator, Vol. 8 No.6 (2003) Spectra taken from exhaust output of engine at full operating temperature and at idle speed

7 Experimental Setup: Advanced Combustion Laboratory Vacuum pump Bruker Vertex 70 Air Test cell w/ NaCl windows

8 1994 Honda Civic: Advanced Combustion Laboratory 1.6 liter CO 2111 cm -1 HC 2960 cm -1 4 cm -1 resolution Time Wavenumber Amplitude

9 Changes to reduce emissions: Advanced Combustion Laboratory

10 2010 Honda Fit: Advanced Combustion Laboratory 1.3 liter CO HC

11 2010 Toyota Prius: Advanced Combustion Laboratory 1.8 liter CO HC

12 Results without a catalytic converter: 1967 Oldsmobile 442 Advanced Combustion Laboratory 6.6 liter

13 Summary of hydrocarbon reductions: Advanced Combustion Laboratory

14 Summary of CO reductions: Advanced Combustion Laboratory

15 Including Olds 442: Advanced Combustion Laboratory hydrocarbons CO

16 Acknowledgements James Allen Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology Lilly Foundation Faculty Success Grant Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology Dean’s Equipment Investment Fund Advanced Combustion Laboratory

17 Results without a catalytic converter: 1992 Jetta Diesel Advanced Combustion Laboratory

18 1994 Honda Civic: Advanced Combustion Laboratory

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