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Published byRodney Wood Modified over 9 years ago
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Lymphocytes: white blood cells that help the body fight pathogens B cell: white blood cell that produces antibodies Helper T cell: WBC that signals B cells to produce antibodies Antibody: special protein that helps fight infection Macrophage: WBC that surrounds and destroys pathogens
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Pathogen invades body helper T cells send signals to B cells produces antibodies B cells enter the lymph nodes and lymph tissues antibodies travel through the blood to destroy pathogen destroyed pathogens enter lymph, filtered in lymph nodes, and removed by spleen
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The body’s resistance to disease-causing agents Active immunity: resistance to disease due to the presence of antibodies Vaccine: substance containing dead or weakened pathogens Passive immunity: results from introducing antibodies into a person’s bloodstream; short-term and used when risk of developing disease in immediate
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A germ that causes disease Communicable disease or infectious disease: illness caused by pathogens that can be spread from one living thing to another Bacteria: single celled microorganism; can be beneficial; those that are harmful cause disease by releasing toxins into the body Fungi: single and multi celled parasitic organisms; obtain their food from organic materials
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Viruses: one of smallest known pathogens; takes over the cell and causes it tomake more viruses; newly produced viruses are released and take over other cells Protozoa: tiny, single-celled organisms that produce toxins that cause disease
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Direct contact Through the air Contact with contaminated objects Handling or being bitten by an insect or animal carrying the pathogen Contact with contaminated food and water
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