1. Classification of Angiosperms
The Flowering Plants

2. Two Major Groups Monocots Dicots Single cotyledon Parallel veins
Flowers in multiples of 3’s
Dicots
Two cotyledons
Netted veins
Flowers in multiples of 2, 4 or 5

3. Monocot and Dicot plant

4. FRUITS SIMPLE AGGREGRATE MULTIPLE Dry (poppy seed, milkweed, wheat)
Fleshy (peach, plumb, apple, tomato, grape)
AGGREGRATE
Flowers with several carpels
Raspberry, strawberry
MULTIPLE
Cluster of flowers
Pineapple

5. Simple, aggregrate and multiple fruit

6. SEED STRUCTURES Micropyle Plumule Hypocotyl
Opening through which the pollen tube grows to deliver pollen to the ovary (ovules)
Plumule
Epicotyl + embryonic leaves
First leaves to emerge during germination
Hypocotyl
Stem like area between radicle and cotyledon

7. SEED STRUCTURES (2) Radicle Cotyledon Hilum Seed Coat Embryonic root
First to emerge from the seed during germination
Cotyledon
Fleshy part of the seed; food storage for plant embryo until germination
Hilum
Seed scar; where seed was attached to the ovary wall
Seed Coat
Covers and protects the seed during dormancy

8. Typical Seed

9. Germination Dormancy How do you know germination has occurred? Leaves
Allows seed to germinate when conditions are favorable
How do you know germination has occurred?
Radicle emerges
Leaves
Photosynthesis begins
Cotyledons no longer needed

10. Factors that Trigger Germination
Water
Oxygen
Temperature
Light
Fire
Freezing temps.
Animal digestive tract
Hormones

11. Plant Hormones
Auxins
Regulate plant growth

12. Hormones (2) Cytokinins Gibberellins Abscisic Acid Ethylene
Promotes cell division (roots and stems)
Gibberellins
Promote growth
Stimulate germination
Abscisic Acid
Inhibits growth of buds and germination
Ethylene
Gas that stimulates ripening of fruits

13. Hormones (3) Oligosaccharins Regulate growth and development
Defense against disease

14. TROPISM Plant movement towards or away from a stimuli EXAMPLES
Phototropism (light)
Thigmotropism (touch)
Gravitropism (gravity)
Chemotropism (chemical/hormones)
Hydrotropism (water)

15. THE FLOWER The reproductive structure for the flowering plant
Perfect Flowers
Both stamens and carpels present
Self or cross pollination
Imperfect Flowers
Either stamens or carpels present
Cross pollination only

16. Female Reproductive Parts
Essential
Carpel
Pistil (fused carpels)
Stigma, style, ovary
Stigma
Sticky to trap pollen
Style
Tube from stigma to ovary
Ovary
Holds the ovules

17. Female Flower Parts C A R P E L

18. Male Reproductive Parts
Essential
Stamen
Male reproductive part
Anther and filament
Anther
Produces pollen
Filament
Supports the anther

19. Male Flower Parts

20. Nonessential Flower Parts
Petal
Attract pollinators
Top whorl
Sepal
Protect developing flower
Bottom whorl
Corolla
Both whorls

21. Nonessential Flower Parts

22. Flowers