1. Green Building Design Scott Lowe Professor Civil and Environmental Engineering Department Manhattan College

2. Buildings are Complex Systems !

3. 1.Site High density urban

4. Extreme slope

5. A Green Site? Brownfield

6. Not Green Pristine land

7. 2.Foundations Building load must be spread out or transferred to rock Footings Piles Caissons

8. 3.Frame steel

9. Reinforced concrete

10. wood

11. 3.Electrical

12. 4.Mechanical HVAC

13. 5.Plumbing Water supply – Cold water – Hot water Wastewater collection Heating pipes Gas Fire system

14. 6.Interior floors

15. Internal walls Finish – walls/floor

16. 7.Exterior

17. How Green is my Building? US Green Building Council established the LEED rating system in 1998 Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design Points system

18. LEED System (New Building) Site (26 pts) Water (10 pts) Energy (35 pts) Materials (14 pts) Indoor Quality (15 pts) Rating out of 100 40-49certified 50-59silver 60-79gold 80+platinum

19. LEED Site example Bike racks Changing rooms

20. LEED Water example landscaping

21. LEED Energy example Generate energy

22. LEED Materials example recycled

23. LEED Indoor Quality example Natural light

24. Energy Buildings consume massive amounts of energy 40% of all US energy 70% of all US electricity Where is it used?

26. Sizzling Hot Energy Topics Do it more efficiently Generate your own Keep your heat but Don’t lose your cool

27. Efficiency Efficient HVAC systems – Use high efficiency systems – 90%+ possible – High capital cost – Will pay this back – Not sexy

28. Create Energy Solar - active

29. Solar - passive Trombe wall

30. Solar – hot water

31. Geothermal ~6 ft below ground the temperature is ~50 O F all year Run water pipes through ground In summer hot water enters ground – cool exits Use this to cool air for the HVAC system In winter reverse process

33. Geothermal Piping Installation ~6 ft underground

34. CEEN201: Green Building Design Excavation for geothermal pipe field

35. CEEN201: Green Building Design Geothermal heat exchanger

36. CEEN201: Green Building Design Geothermal heat exchanger

37. CEEN201: Green Building Design Geothermal lake construction Sherman Hospital Illinois

38. Keep Your Heat and don’t lose your cool Insulate, insulate, insulate !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Biggest bang for your $

39. Heat Transfer 101 Heat moves from hot  cold Driven by temp gradient Analogous to fluid flow (high P to low P) And dispersion (high Conc. to low Conc.)

40. Q = A  T R Q = heat flow Btu/hr  T = temp difference o F A = wall area ft 2 R = resistance o F - ft 2 / (Btu/hr)

41. Insulation Typical building codes – Walls R-19 – Roofs R-30 R values for each layer is added up

42. R Value of a house exterior wall ½” sheetrock + 3 ½ “ insulation + ½” plywood + wood siding + tyvek R = 0.45 + 11 + 0.63 + 0.8 + 0.85 R value = 13.73

43. Windows Poor insulators Building Code = double pane Leaks are a problem Single pane of ¼” glass, R= 0.9 With storm, R=2 Double pane ~2 Triple pane ~3

44. Water Water supply Under pressure

45. Collection System Only 1 drainage system Toilets Shower Bath Sinks Laundry Dishwasher Floor drains

47. Black and Grey water Black Can NEVER be reused Goes to sewer system Toilet Kitchen sink Dish washer Grey Can be reused but NOT for drinking Flush toilets, water gardens Shower Wash basin Laundry

48. Complex to re-plumb existing buildings Need to create 2 drainage systems Need to store and distribute grey water Tanks and pumps Clean water back-up in case not enough grey water Etc,etc

49. Roofs can be Green Or black or white or blue

50. White Roof

51. Blue Roof

53. The End Bank Of America Tower 1200 ft tall, 55 floors 2.1 million ft 2 LEED platinum