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RAD422 LECTURE(2) The emergency trolley.

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Presentation on theme: "RAD422 LECTURE(2) The emergency trolley."— Presentation transcript:

1 RAD422 LECTURE(2) The emergency trolley

2 LEARNING OBJECTIVES By the end of this Lecture the student will be able to: Define the emergency trolley its purpose in the radiology department Identify the external contents of the emergency trolley and state the purpose of each content. Classify the different drawers of the emergency trolley List the various emergency drugs and state their action

3 Lecture .2 References M.A.Seraj, The new manual of basic emergency procedures, first aid and updated CPR. Useful websites

4 The emergency trolley Goal of emergency trolley
It is a multi drawer wheeled cabinet that is kept in in the imaging department. with the essential medication and tools that required in emergency situations. Other names: Emergency cart/Emergency response cart/Code cart/Crash cart. Goal of emergency trolley To begin addressing the emergency conditions while waiting the emergency team to arrive: Compromised Airway Respiratory Distress /Respiratory Arrest Cardiac Arrest Drug Overdose Hypoglycemia Anaphylactic Reaction .

5 NOTE: A radiologic Tchnologist should know the location of emergency cart and be familiar with its contents. At the beginning of each shift the in charge Technologist should check with the radiology department nurse the equipment and medication to ensure if they are prepared for use in critical situation

6 The emergency trolley contents of the trolley
A/ Top of emergency trolley (External Contents) Oxygen supply Defibrillator with Monitor Portable suction apparatus Laryngoscope Shuttle forceps Sphygmomanometer Stethoscope Emergency Crash Cart Check Sheet Check List of cart contents. Emergency drug information sheet

7 Contents of the trolley
External Contents Oxygen supply: To arise alveolar oxygen tension. To relieve hypoxemia or hypoxia. Oxygen regulator with flow meter a valve to adjust the rate of oxygen flow Oxygen cylinder

8 Contents of the trolley
External Contents Defibrillator: Defibrillation is the definitive treatment for the life-threatening cardiac arrhythmia as ventricular fibrillation usually by electrical shock.

9 Contents of the trolley
External Contents Suction apparatus: Mechanical suction is used when a patient is unable to clear mouth or throat of secretions, blood, or vomits. Sphygmomanometer: It is an Instrument used to measure blood pressure. Stethoscope: It is an instrument used in auscultation of heart sounds and also it is used in measuring blood pressure. Tissue forceps

10 Contents of the trolley
B/ Drawer contents:  Drawer 1- Medications Drawer 2- Breathing and Airway Drawer 3- Circulation: IV supplies Drawer 4- Circulation: I.V. solutions and tubing Drawer 5- Cardiac, Chest Procedures Drawer 6- Special Procedure Trays

11 Contents of the trolley
Drawer contents: Drawer 1- Medications

12 Contents of the trolley
Emergency medication List Action Drug Increase cardiac output, constricts blood vessels, raises blood pressure, relaxes bronchioles, aids respiration Adrenalin Bronchodilator (Prevention of bronchial asthma ) Aminophylline Reduce secretions, Dilate the bronchi Atropine Antihistamine drug used in the prevention of the symptoms of allergic conditions such as rhinitis and urticaria Benadryl Respiratory stimulant (increase activity) treat hypotension Intropin Increases cardiac output, for the treatment of various heart conditions, such as atrial fibrillation Dioxin (Lanoxin) an anti-epileptic (anticonvulsant) Dilantin For maintaining normal concentrations of glucose in blood, (having the opposite effect of insulin) Glucagon

13 Contents of the trolley
Emergency medication List Action Drug Diuretic , increase amount of urine Lasix Emetics (produce vomiting) Apomorphine Fluid replacement . Sodium bicarbonate For sever bronchospasm Hydrocortisone Anti arrhythmic drug For ventricular arrhythmias Bretylol sedative ,used in treatment of anxiety Valium (Diazepam ) Anti Acid, Treat of hypertension Calcium gluconate Correct hemodynamic imbalance Dopamine Prevent & treat cardiac arrhythmia potassium chloride Anticoagulant (Inhibits blood coagulation) Heparin

14 Legal consideration It is important to radiologic technologist to make certain that all information is documented on the patient chart If patient experiences any adverse side effects to the drug, make certain to document the details of the incident Errors associated with drug administration are among the most common legal problems in which radiologic technologists are involved.

15 Contents of the trolley
Drawer contents: Drawer 2- Breathing and Airway Examples:- Oropharyngeal Airways Nasopharyngeal Airways Endotracheal tubes Tracheostomy tubes Face mask Pocket mask Suction tube Tracheostomy mask Nasal cannula Laryngoscope Tongue blades Suction catheter

16 Contents of the trolley
Breathing and Airway Laryngoscope: It is used to obtain a view of the glottis. It is also used in intubation. Bag valve mask (Ambo bag) is a hand- held device used to provide ventilation to a patient who is not breathing or who is breathing inadequately 

17 Contents of the trolley
Breathing and Airway Tracheostomy set : Tracheostomy is a surgical procedure on the neck to open a direct airway through an incision in the trachea to provide immediate relief for a patient’s upper airway obstruction.. Patients who must have a higher continues rate of oxygen flow, require a Tracheostomy that is connected to the oxygen supply. The set includes Tracheostomy tubes: B- Plain tube E- Cuffed tube

18 Contents of the trolley
Breathing and Airway Ventilation Devices: Pocket mask Designed for mouth-to-mask ventilation of a non-breathing person. It is an alternative to a bag-valve mask device for providing ventilation.

19 Contents of the trolley
Breathing and Airway Airway adjuncts: Oropharyngeal Airways: known as an oral airway, or OPA. It is used to maintain a (open) airway It does this by preventing the tongue from (either partially or completely) covering the epiglottis, which could prevent the patient from breathing. Nasopharyngeal Airways: Also known as an NPA or a nasal trumpet. It is a tube that is designed to be inserted into the nasal passageway to secure an open airway.

20 Contents of the trolley
Endotracheal tubes: The Endotracheal tube serves as an open passage through the upper airway. The purpose of Endotracheal intubation is to permit air to pass freely to and from the lungs in order to ventilate the lungs. It s place is confirmed with chest radiography ,the distal end of the tube must be 3-4 cm superior to tracheal bifurcation.

21 Contents of the trolley
Drawer contents: Drawer 3- Circulation: IV supplies Examples:- Needles different sizes Syringes different sizes Butterflies Sterile water vials IV cannulas Tourniquet Alcohol swabs Cotton balls Blood tubes Tape

22 Contents of the trolley
Drawer contents: Drawer 4- I.V. solutions and tubing Examples:- 0.9% sodium chloride 500ml)5% Dextrose (500ml) 10% dextrose (500ml) Hase-steril 6% (500ml) Ringer lactate (500ml) Blood pump tubing I.V. Tubing

23 Contents of the trolley
Drawer contents: Drawer 5- Cardiac, Chest Procedures Examples:- ECG electrodes Sterile gloves Sutures Cardiac needle Sterile towels Cut down tray Catheter kit Chest tubes Scalpels with blades Dressings sutures (knife) Scalpels

24 Contents of the trolley
Drawer contents: Drawer 6- Special Procedure Trays

25 Contents of the trolley
Sample supplies I.V Cannula Butterfly Syringe Tourniquet Tourniquet

26 Contents of the trolley
Sample supplies masks Protective gowns Tongue blades Kidney bowel Scissors Thermometer

27 assignment (1) First assignment
Write about the principles of drug administration (The golden rules of drug administration) Total marks = 5 maximum time = 2 weeks

28 The End


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