1. Application Types
Variable Torque
Constant Torque

2. (Flow1 / Flow2) = (RPM1)/(RPM2)
Variable Torque
Affinity Laws:
Flow is proportional to speed.
(Flow1 / Flow2) = (RPM1)/(RPM2)
Pressure is proportional to the square of the speed.
(Press1 / Press2) = (RPM1)2 / (RPM2)2
HP is proportional to the cube of the speed.
(HP1 / HP2) = (RPM1 )3/ (RPM2)3

3. Variable Torque Curve

4. Region of intermittent
Variable Torque Curve 60
120
200%
100%
63%
(Typical)
Torque
Continuous torque
capability
Speed in Hertz
Region of continuous
operation
Region of intermittent
Peak torque
Load torque
Requirement

5. (Flow1 / Flow2) = (RPM1) / (RPM2)
Variable Torque - Flow
Flow is proportional to speed.
(Flow1 / Flow2) = (RPM1) / (RPM2)

6. Variable Torque - Pressure
Pressure is proportional to the
square of the speed.
(Press1 / Press2) = (RPM1)2 / (RPM2)2

7. HP is proportional to the cube of the speed.
Variable Torque - HP
HP is proportional to the cube of the speed.
(HP1 / HP2) = (RPM1)3 / (RPM2)3

8. Energy Savings Using VFD’s

9. Variable Torque Applications
Centrifugal Fans
Blowers
Air Handling Units
Chillers
Irrigation Water Pumps
Downhole Water Pumps
Submersible Water Pumps
Domestic Water Pumps
Centrifugal Sewage Treatment Pumps

10. Types of Three Phase AC Motors used on Pumps
Horizontal foot mounted Close coupled
Belt driven
Gear reducer
Available in
NEMA MG1 Part 30
&
NEMA MG1 Part 31
Vertical
Hollow shaft
Solid shaft
Available in
NEMA MG1 Part 30 only
Submersible
Specialized winding process

11. Cannot be used with a VFD
Single Phase Motors
IMPORTANT
NOTICE!!!!!
Single Phase Motor
Cannot be used with a VFD

12. Three Phase Motor with THREE Phase InputL1 T2 L2 T3 L3
VFD is sized by the
Full Load Amperage
of the motor.

13. Three Phase Motor with SINGLE Phase Input
Output Voltage is
the same as Input
Voltage.
VFD is sized by the
Full Load Amperage
of the motor multiplied by 1.7
eg. For a 10HP motor with a FLA of 12 amps.
The VFD size would be
12 x 1.7 = 20.4 amps

14. Pump Packaging Options
Reactors line and load, Harmonic Filters, Sine Wave DV/DT Filters
Disconnect, fusible or non-fusible
Bypass system, Cam Switch, 2 contactor,
3 contactor
Serial communication HVAC protocols
Standard and custom door mounted controls; any combination
Pre-engineered packages
Nema 1, Nema 12, Sprinkler Proof and Nema 3R
Custom engineered packages

15. Bypass Package Nema 3R
Options
OPE Keypad
Fusible disconnect
3 Contactor Bypass
Line Reactor
Load Reactor
Forced Air Ventilation

16. Pump Packages Standard Enclosure Options: Nema 1 Nema 12 Nema 3R
Sprinkler Proof
Wall Mount
Floor Mount

17. WELLMAX
A USER FRIENDLY GRAPHICAL TOUCH SCREEN LCD with sensible wording for easy operation. Displays historical data of TORQUE, AMPS, and RPM (standard). You can zoom in & out to examine any data point of interest.
An optional memory card will CONSTANTLY STORE DATA, which can be retrieved by the user.
An optional four inch printer will be available for on the site printing of information.
PUMPOFF CONTROL features will prolong the life of the pump by monitoring and maintaining an approximate FLUID LEVEL. SERIAL port available for COMMUNICATION. Optional interface available for MODBUS protocols.
Option - A LOW COST SATELLITE COMMUNICATION link, which allows Internet viewing of 10 points of information as well as voice call out ability on alarm situations for $6 per day.

18. WELLMAX CONTROLLER
PUMPOFF CONTROLLER

19. Constant Torque Curve

20. Constant Torque Torque remains constant up to the motor base speed.
HP is proportional to the speed.

21. Constant Torque Applications
Conveyors
Compressors
Positive Displacement Pumps
Crushers
Mixers
Etc.

22. Positive Displacement Pumps

23. Constant Torque Load

24. Constant Power Load 60 100 200% 100% 63% Field weakening region
Peak torque capability
provided that the AC
drive has adequate
overload capability
Torque
(Typical)
Continuous torque
capability limited
by motor cooling
Speed in Hertz
Region of continuous
operation
Region of intermittent
Load torque
requirement

25. Torque Derating Due to Motor Cooling

26. Torque Curve Below & Above 60 Hz, Constant Torque V/F Ratio

27. Application Considerations
Motor voltage, HP & FLA specifications
Load type, constant or variable torque
Control system requirements
Serial communication protocol
Analog and digital input and outputs
Harmonic considerations
Nuisance tripping concerns
Motor insulation protection
Line & load filter options