1. Kinesiology Laboratory 2: Muscle Mechanics
Length Tension Relationships, Velocity Tension Relationships, Active and Passive Insufficiency

2. Today’s Activities Grip Strength Analysis Biodex Data Analysis
Knee Extension with Goniometers
Knee Flexion with Goniometers
Exercise Analysis- Upper Extremity (Presentations- Next Week)

3. Anatomy Review: The Wrist

4. Anatomy Review: Hamstrings and Quadriceps

5. Active Insufficiency
When a two-joint muscle is restrained in contraction.
The agonist muscle is slackened to the point where it has lost its ability to generate maximum tension.

6. Passive Insufficiency
When a two-joint muscle is constrained in elongation.
This occurs when the antagonist muscle cannot be elongated any farther and the full ROM cannot be achieved.

7. Length Tension Curve

8. Velocity Tension Curve

9. Grip Strength Dynamometer
Grip Number
Force 1 2 3 4 5
Wrist Flexed (Highest #)
Graph Results: Force on y-axis, Grip number on x-axis
What principles are present?

10. Biodex Machine
Creates a concentric contraction of both the Quads (Flexion) and Hamstrings (Extension)= Isokinetic Exercise

11. Biodex Data Velocity (deg/sec) # Repetitions
Peak Torque Extension (ft-lbs)
Peak Torque Flexion (ft-lbs) 45 5
159.5
102.2 60
150.2
98.9 90 10
141.8
94.4
120
142.5
90.8
180
114.5
91.5
240
103.9
79.9
Graph data for Results section.
What principle is being demonstrated?

12. Knee Extension and Hip Flexion Using a Goniometer
Using the Goniometer
Align the goniometer with the joint being tested.
Have the arms pointing toward the moving limb
Complete movement
Align second goniometer arm with limb
Read the degrees of movement
Make note of subjective feelings
Make a table of your results for the lab report
Use figures for each activity
What principle is being shown in activity 3?
What principle is being shown in activity 4?

13. Example Diagrams:

14. Presentation Assignments
Group 1: Shoulder Flexors and Shoulder Extensors
Group 2: Shoulder Abductors and Shoulder Internal and External Rotators
Group 3: Elbow Extensors and Wrist Flexors and Extensors
Group 4: Elbow Flexors and Forearm Supinators and Pronators

15. Presentation Requirements
3 Different Exercise for Each Muscle Group
There must be one gravity eliminated and one gravity resistive exercise per muscle group (Think about the way the body is positioned)
Utilize a variety of equipment (Therabands, dumbbells, benches, etc.)
Present exercises in order of difficulty
Identify the type of muscle contraction (Eccentric or Concentric)
Notes may be used during presentation

16. For Next Week Lab Report 2 Presentations
Readings: H&K: Ch5 cont’d, TG: pp , (not palpation)