1. Westward Movement and the Second World War Jon Hale College of Charleston

2. Westward the Course of Empire Takes Its Way, alternatively Westward Ho! (1860) Emanuel Leutze

3. "American Progress." (1872). John Gast

4. The Pacific Railway Act was signed into law by President Abraham Lincoln on July 1, 1862. This act provided Federal government support for the building of the first transcontinental railroad, which was completed on May 10, 1869.

5. Proximity Point, Utah (May 10, 1869) “The last rail is laid; the last spike driven; the Pacific Railroad is completed. The point of junction is 1086 miles west of the Missouri river and 690 miles east of Sacramento” + Union Pacific Railroad

7. Depletion of Buffalo Pre-contact, it is estimated there were between 15 and 60 million buffalo By 1870, 1000 buffalo roam the West 24 to 28 Plains tribes use buffalo in 52 different ways food, supplies, war and hunting implements Causes: Permanent railroad tracks, depletion of trees for railroad ties and bridges, and decreasing the wild game

9. Pacific Railroad Act (1862)  Provided federal supported for the transcontinental railroad  Completed May 10, 1869  900 miles of track

10. Chinese Exclusion Act (1882)