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Published byDayna Wright Modified over 9 years ago
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The Basics Reproduction is the method in which organisms produce offspring Genetics and Reproduction among the most rapidly changing technologies in today’s animal science industry
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Bull Reproductive Tract
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Sow Reproductive Tract
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Cow Reproductive Tract
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Fertilization and Gestation Fertilization – Union of the male sperm and female egg Blastocyst – Stage of embryo when partitioned into two distinct cell populations Fetus – Stage when embryo develops and attaches to the uterus Gestation period – Time the female is pregnant from conception to birth
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Fertility Factors Fertility Factors Males Cryptorchidism Lack of testes descent into the scrotum Motility Ability to move independently Morphology Size and shape of sperm
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Fertility Factors Fertility Factors Males Freemartin Syndrome Female is born twin to a male Occurs due to the joining of the placental membranes Exposes the female to male hormones before birth Female reproductive organs to develop improperly
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Estrous Cycle – Process a female animal’s body undergoes to prepare itself for reproduction Anestrus – Condition where the female does not cycle due to insufficient hormonal stimuli
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Estrous Cycle
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Hormones Hormones Chemical messengers carried in the blood to specific organs to change cellular activity
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Reproductive management tool that involves the manipulation of the estrous cycle of females so they can be bred in a short amount of time either through artificial insemination or natural breeding Estrus Synchronization
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Breeding Practices Natural Service – Male animal is allowed to directly mate with the female Pasture mating – Male is allowed to roam freely with the females Hand mating – Female is brought to the male for service Artificial insemination – Insemination gun or instrument is used to deposit semen into the reproductive tract of the female Embryo transfer – Embryos from one female are collected and then transferred into the reproductive tract of other females.
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Male Poultry Reproductive System
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Female Poultry Reproductive System
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