1. Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy
Salvage and Overhaul
Loss Control
Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

2. Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy
Objectives
List the benefits of loss control to the public and the fire department.
State the purpose of salvage.
State the purpose of overhaul.
Select facts about salvage planning and procedures.
Select facts about salvage tools, equipment, and materials.
Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

3. Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy
Objectives (cont.)
Match to their correct uses tools and equipment used in overhaul.
Select facts about overhaul safety and methods.
List the four basic methods of detecting hidden fires.
Select from a list, indicators of hidden fires.
Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

4. Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy
Objectives (cont.)
Provide examples of information that should be noted / reported en-route or in the vicinity of the fire scene.
Provide examples of information that should be noted / reported on arrival at the fire scene.
Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

5. Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy
Objectives (cont.)
Provide examples of information that should be noted / recorded during firefighting.
Select facts about preserving and protecting evidence during overhaul.
Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

6. Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy
Physical Objectives
Fold and roll salvage covers.
Spread salvage covers from various folds and rolls.
Clean, inspect, and repair salvage covers.
Construct and splice water chutes.
Construct a catchall.
Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

7. Physical Objectives (cont.)
Cover or close building openings.
Use an infrared scanner.
Remove debris and route water from a structure.
Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

8. The Value Of Loss Control
Adds value to the fire and rescue department’s services.
Promotes firefighting as a craft.
Builds goodwill within the community.
Receives praise and recognition in the media.
Gives firefighters a feeling of accomplishment.
Leads to better morale and efficiency among firefighters.
Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

9. Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy
Purpose Of Salvage
Methods and operating procedures associated with firefighting that aid in reducing primary and secondary damage during firefighting operations.
(I.F.S.T.A. Textbook Definition)
To reduce damage from fire, smoke, water, heat, cold, or weather during and after a fire.
Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

10. Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy
Purpose Of Overhaul
To search out and extinguish hidden fires.
To protect the scene after the fire.
To preserve evidence of the fire’s origin and cause.
To restore premises to safe condition.
Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

11. General Planning For Effective Salvage Operations
Salvage S.O.P.’s.
Special pre-plans for buildings with high-value contents.
Awareness of contents vital to businesses in commercial occupancies.
Working with loss control representatives of local businesses.
When to begin salvage operations.
Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

12. Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

13. Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

14. When Salvaging Household Furnishings and Commercial Stock
Gathering in close piles in center of room.
Placing high objects at ends of piles and using rolled rugs as ridgepoles.
Placing small objects (pictures, curtains, lamps, etc.) on larger objects such as couches or beds.
Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

15. When Salvaging Household Furnishings and Commercial Stock
Using water-resistant materials to raise furniture off wet floor.
The challenges of commercial occupancies:
Ceiling-to-floor display shelves.
Contents stacked too close to ceiling.
Un-palleted storage.
Dangers of high-piled stock.
Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

16. When Salvaging Household Furnishings and Commercial Stock
Removing large quantities of water by:
Cleaning clogged drains.
Removing toilet fixtures.
Creating scuppers.
Using existing sanitary piping systems.
Affixing chutes.
Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

17. Typical Characteristics Of Salvage Covers
May be canvas, vinyl, or disposable plastic.
Reinforced corners and hems.
Purpose of grommets in the edge hems.
Difficulty of adapting plastic covers to traditional salvage cover folds.
Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

18. Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

19. Salvage Equipment Location
Why is it recommended that salvage equipment be located in one area on the apparatus?
Eliminates the need to search the apparatus for equipment.
Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

20. Salvage Equipment Location
How should smaller tools and equipment be stored on the apparatus?
In a specially designated salvage tool box or other container to make them easier to carry.
Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

21. Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

22. Maintenance Of Salvage Covers
The proper cleaning, drying, and repairing of reusable salvage covers increases their span of service.
Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

23. Maintenance Of Salvage Covers
Rinse with a hose stream.
Scrubbing with a brush and mild soap and water for heavy soiled areas.
Rinse.
Allow to air dry.
Inspect for damage.
Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

24. Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

25. Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

26. Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy
Salvage Equipment
Wrenches, pliers, screwdrivers.
Plastic, knife, nails, screws, duct tape.
Hammers, staple gun, pry bar.
Squeegees, brooms, water vacuum.
Scoop shovels, debris buckets.
Equipment based upon local service area needs!!!
Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

27. Methods Of Folding, Rolling, and Spreading Salvage Covers
One firefighter spread with a rolled salvage cover.
One firefighter spread with a folded salvage cover.
Two firefighter spread with a folded salvage cover.
Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

28. One Firefighter Spread With A Rolled Salvage Cover
Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

29. One Firefighter Spread With A Folded Salvage Cover
Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

30. Two Firefighter Spread With A Folded Salvage Cover
Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

31. Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

32. Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy
Water Chutes
Salvage covers can be used to create water chutes to direct water out of a structure to prevent further damage to the building and its contents.
Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

33. Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

34. Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

35. Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

36. Construction Of A Catchall
A catchall can be constructed from a salvage cover and placed on the floor to catch water. They can hold up to a couple hundred of gallons of water.
Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

37. Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

38. Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

39. Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy
Covering Openings
Cover all exterior openings to help prevent further damage to property by weather.
Cover broken or missing doors or windows with plywood, heavy plastic, and/or similar materials.
Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

40. Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy
Covering Openings
Cover openings in roofs with plywood, roofing paper, heavy plastic sheathing, or tar paper.
If using roofing paper, tar paper, or plastic, use appropriate roofing nails to tack down the edges with laths between the nails and the material.
Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

41. Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

42. Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy
Overhaul
Is it necessary to wear self-contained breathing apparatus (S.C.B.A.) when performing overhaul?
YES!!! It is essential for firefighters to wear proper personal protective equipment (P.P.E.), including S.C.B.A.; eye protection should be worn if it is safe to remove self-contained breathing apparatus.
Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

43. Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy
Overhaul
What size hoseline do you need for overhaul?
What kind of appliances may be used to extinguish small fires during minor overhaul operations?
What should firefighters do with the hoseline during overhaul operations to prevent water damage?
Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

44. What Other Tools Will Be Needed For Overhaul?
Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

45. What Is The First Step In Overhaul?
Determine if the condition of this building is safe to perform overhaul?
Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

46. What Two Major Factors Affect The Condition Of The Building?
Fire intensity and amount of water used!
Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

47. What Are Some Signs Of Structural Instability?
Weakened floors.
Spalled concrete.
Weakened steel roof members.
Offset walls due to elongated steel supports.
Opened mortar in wall joints.
Melted wall ties.
Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

48. What Is The Second Step In Overhaul Operations?
Searching for and extinguishing hidden fires.
Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

49. Utilize Senses To Search For Hidden Fires
Touch
Feel walls and floors for heat with the back of a ungloved hand.
Sound
Popping or cracking of fire burning.
Hissing of steam.
Electronic Sensors
Thermal (heat) signature detection.
Infrared signature detection.
Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

50. When May The Process Of Looking For Extension and Hidden Fires Begin?
After the fire has been knocked down and the person responsible for determining the cause and origin of the fire says that it is all right.
Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

51. Where Does The Process Of Looking For Hidden Fires Begin?
In the area of actual fire involvement. This will extend away from the area of origin to the area above the fire, below the fire, and to all sides of the fire.
Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

52. What Are The Four Basic Methods Of Detecting Hidden Fires?
Sight
Touch
Sound
Electronic Sensors
Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

53. What Are Some Ways Firefighters Can Detect Hidden Fires By Sight?
Discoloration of materials.
Peeling paint.
Smoke issuing from cracks.
Cracked plaster.
Dried wallpaper.
Burned areas.
Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

54. What Are Some Ways Firefighters Can Detect Hidden Fires By Touch?
Feeling walls with back of ungloved hand.
Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

55. What Are Some Ways That Firefighters Can Detect Hidden Fires By Sound?
Listening for popping or crackling of fire burning, listening for hissing steam.
Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

56. Use Of Electronic Sensors
They use a laser to detect a temperature of an object, such as a wall. With a higher than normal temperature may indicate a hidden fire. A Thermal Imagining Camera (T.I.C.) would also work in much the same way.
Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

57. Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

58. Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

59. Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

60. Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

61. Methods Of Checking For Fire Extension and Hidden Fires
If floor beams are burned at their ends where they enter a party wall, flushing voids in wall with water and check the far side of the wall for hidden fire.
Removing, checking, and extinguishing insulation materials.
Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

62. Methods Of Checking For Fire Extension and Hidden Fires
If fire has burned around doors and windows, opening door and window casings and extinguishing fires.
If fire has burned around a combustible roof or cornice, opening the cornice and inspecting for hidden fires.
If sensory equipment indicates, remove materials and check for hidden fires.
Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

63. Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

64. Protecting and Preserving Evidence
En-Route or In Vicinity:
Time of day.
Weather and natural hazards.
Man-made barriers.
People leaving scene.
Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

65. Information That Should Be Noted On Arrival At The Fire Scene
Time of arrival and extent of fire.
Wind direction / velocity.
Doors and windows.
Location of fire.
Containers or cans.
Burglary tools.
Familiar faces.
Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

66. Information That Should Be Noted During Firefighting Operations
Unusual odors.
Abnormal fire behavior.
Out-of-place items.
Obstacles to firefighting.
Incendiary devices.
Trailers.
Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

67. Information That Should Be Noted During Firefighting Operations
Structural alterations.
Fire patterns.
Heat intensity.
Documents.
Fire detection and protection systems.
Intrusion alarms.
Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

68. Information That Should Be Noted During Firefighting Operations
Location of fire.
Personal possessions.
Household items.
Equipment / stock.
Business records.
Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

69. Responsibilities Of Firefighters After The Fire
Report observations to officer-in-charge.
Write chronological account of circumstances personally observed if fire is suspicious origin.
Do not move debris.
Do not throw debris outside in piles.
Remain watchful for further evidence.
Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

70. General Methods For Protecting and Preserving Evidence
Do not gather or handle evidence unless absolutely necessary in order to preserve it.
Do not change the evidence in any way other that what is absolutely necessary in the extinguishment of the fire.
Preserve footprints and tire tracks under cardboard boxes.
Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

71. General Methods For Protecting and Preserving Evidence
Close dampers and other openings to preserve partially or completely burned papers found in a stove or furnace or fireplace.
Leave charred documents found in containers such as wastebaskets, small file cabinets, and binders that can be moved easily; keep the items away from drafts.
Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

72. Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy
Summary
Benefits of loss control to the public and the fire department.
Purpose of salvage.
Purpose of overhaul.
Information about salvage planning and procedures, salvage tools, and equipment.
Information about tools and equipment used in overhaul.
Select facts about overhaul safety and methods.
List the four basic methods of detecting hidden fires.
Select from a list, indicators of hidden fires.
Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

73. Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy
Summary (cont.)
Provided examples of information that should be noted / reported en-route or in the vicinity of the fire scene.
Provided examples of information that should be noted / reported on arrival at the fire scene.
Provided examples of information that should be noted / recorded during firefighting.
Select facts about preserving and protecting evidence during overhaul.
Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy

74. Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy
Questions
Frederick County / Winchester Basic Fire Academy