1. 1 ALSPAC Data Measures of Childhood Incontinence

2. 2 Or, if you’re squeamish…

3. 3 How many kittens do you own?

4. 4 Repeated questions:

5. 5 Repeated questions: - Binary ZeroOne

6. 6 Repeated questions: - Ordinal ZeroOneTwo ~ DSM4 criterion

7. 7 Repeated questions Asked at: 4½ years ~ KK 5½ years ~ KM 6½ years ~ KP 7½ years ~ KR 9½ years ~ KU

8. 8 Why mixture models? Previous work (clinical/epidemiological) has provided evidence for subgroups –Different aetilogies –Different comorbid factors –Different long-term outcomes Variability in development poorly captured by standard growth models –Relapsing group

9. 9 BW frequencies (complete case) BoysGirls 4.5yr Dry62%77% “Infrequent”27% 38% 17% 23% “Frequent”11%6% 5.5yr Dry72%84% “Infrequent”21% 28% 13% 16% “Frequent”7%3% 6.5yr Dry76%87% “Infrequent”20% 24% 11% 14% “Frequent”5%2% 7.5yr Dry81%90% “Infrequent”16% 19% 9% 10% “Frequent”3%1% 9.5yr Dry87%94% “Infrequent”11% 13% 5% 6% “Frequent”2%1%

10. 10 Infrequent bedwetting

11. 11 Frequent Bedwetting

12. 12 Planned models LLCA replication of Croudace AJE model –Incorporate covariates into above LLCA/LCGA models of frequent wetters (binary) –Assessment of gender invariance with knownclass Parallel modelling of day/night wetting Ordinal modelling of 3-level measures –Incorporate covariates –Risk of later binary outcome