1. Performance Appraisal Lecture #12 Lecture #12

2. Performance Appraisal Behavior Control System Behavior Control System

3. Performance Appraisal Source of Evaluation Source of Evaluation Performance Evaluation Instruments Performance Evaluation Instruments Problems with Error and Bias Problems with Error and Bias

4. Sources of Evaluation Who evaluates performance? Who evaluates performance?

5. Supervisor Evaluates Subordinate Most Common Most CommonMethod

6. Group of Supervisors Evaluate Subordinate Reduces Bias Reduces Bias

7. Group of Peers Evaluate Colleague Difficult to hide Difficult to hide things from your co-workers

8. Group of Subordinates Evaluate Superior

9. Self Evaluation

10. Personnel (HR) Appraisal

11. Personnel (HR) Evaluation

12. Combination

13. Performance Evaluation Instruments Different types of instruments provide protection against errors and bias Different types of instruments provide protection against errors and bias

14. Global Ranking Uni-Dimensional Rating Scale Uni-Dimensional Rating Scale 1 2 3 4 5

15. Global Ranking Grades in School Grades in School A B C D F

16. Multi-Dimensional Rating Scale Quality of Work 1 2 3 4 5 Quality of Work 1 2 3 4 5 Quantity of Work 1 2 3 4 5 Quantity of Work 1 2 3 4 5 Concern for Safety 1 2 3 4 5 Concern for Safety 1 2 3 4 5

17. Critical Incident Significant good and bad incidents go into file Significant good and bad incidents go into file Determines whether employee is an asset or liability to the organization Determines whether employee is an asset or liability to the organization Can be used to formulate a Multi- Dimensional Rating Scale Can be used to formulate a Multi- Dimensional Rating Scale

18. Essay Evaluations Supervisors tend to hate doing these Supervisors tend to hate doing these

19. Other Instruments BARS BARS Behaviorally Anchored Rating Scales MBO MBO Management By Objectives

20. Problems with Error and Bias Many can be overcome with proper instrument Many can be overcome with proper instrument

21. Halo Effect A single trait or incident biases someone’s opinion A single trait or incident biases someone’s opinion Overcome by multi-dimensional scales Overcome by multi-dimensional scales

22. Constant Error Rater tends to stick to one side of the scale or the other Rater tends to stick to one side of the scale or the other “Easy A” Teacher “Easy A” Teacher

23. Constant Error Rater tends to stick to one side of the scale or the other Rater tends to stick to one side of the scale or the other

24. Constant Error Overcome by forced distribution of rankings Overcome by forced distribution of rankings

25. Recency Error We tend to remember the near past better than the distant past We tend to remember the near past better than the distant past Little kids behave around Christmas time Little kids behave around Christmas time

26. Recency Error Overcome by having rater consider different time periods separately Overcome by having rater consider different time periods separately Jan – Mar Apr – Jun Jul – Sep Oct – Dec

27. Error of Central Tendency Rater tends to ignore endpoints of scale Rater tends to ignore endpoints of scale Overcome by forced distribution of rankings Overcome by forced distribution of rankings