1. Industrial Revolution 1750-1915

2. Pre-Industrial Society England – divided into farming villages – had to grow enough to feed itself. Farmers used three fields – two were divided into strips and one was used for grazing Disadvantages to the system – strips were separated, spread of cow diseases infected all livestock. Peasants had few possessions, livestock and land – worked long hours

3. Village Life Centered around church and village courts Parish priests was very important Some villages had schools Artisans – skilled laborers (blacksmith, shoemaker, etc.) Change was needed – 1. Population increase 2. Napoleon’s blockage of British ports

4. Domestic System Wool taken from sheep Wool spun into thread on wheel Cloth dyed into color Thread weaved on loom into cloth Cloth sold at market for high cost

5. AGRICULTURAL REVOLUTION

6. Enclosure Movement Wealthy landowners fenced in common pastures and experimented with new farming techniques Villages lost common lands and political power – peasants became poorer

7. Crop Rotation Fields depleted of nutrients – farmers began planting different crops to replenish nutrients

8. Discoveries & Results Seed drill – Jethro Tull New crops – corn and potatoes Results – more food available – population increase