1. TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. Causes of World War I

2. TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. Describe how international rivalries and nationalism pushed Europe toward war. Explain how the assassination in Sarajevo led to the start of World War I. Analyze the causes and effects of the European alliance system. Objectives

3. TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. Terms and Places entente – a nonbinding agreement to follow common policies militarism – glorification of the military Alsace and Lorraine – provinces on the border of Germany and France, lost by France to Germany in 1871; regained by France after WWI ultimatum – a final set of demands mobilize – to prepare military forces for war neutrality – supporting neither side in a war

4. TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. By 1914, Europe had enjoyed a century of relative peace. Two alliances were formed with the intention of keeping that peace. When an Austrian Archduke was assassinated, a local conflict became an international war because of alliance obligations. Why and how did World War I begin in 1914?

5. TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. European powers created alliances in the late nineteenth century to promote peace. Triple Alliance or Central Powers Triple Entente or Allies Germany Austria-Hungary Italy Eventually added: Ottoman empire France Russia Britain Eventually added: Japan

6. TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. These alliances were based on previous wars, new economic rivalries, and competition for colonies. These rivalries increased militarism, which painted war in a romantic light. The great powers began to increase the size of their armies and navies.

7. TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. Austria-Hungary and the Ottoman empire struggled to survive the threat of growing nationalism within their borders. Growing nationalism and economic competition also caused tensions within countries and across European borders. Germany’s industrial advances threatened Britain. Germany feared that Russian industry was catching up to its own.

8. TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. Nationalism sparked tensions all over Europe. France sought to regain Alsace and Lorraine, provinces that it had lost to Germany in the Franco- Prussian War. Russia supported Pan-Slavism, which held that all Slavic people, regardless of borders, shared a common nationality. Several Balkan states fought wars, first against the Ottoman empire, then against one another. The Balkans were called the “powder keg of Europe.”

9. TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. Archduke Francis Ferdinand was heir to the Austrian throne. While on a visit to Sarajevo, the capital of Bosnia, he and his wife Sophie were shot to death by a Serbian nationalist. An assassination on June 28, 1914, lit the fuse that set off the Balkan powder keg.

10. TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. On July 28, 1914, Austria declared war on Serbia. Serbia agreed to most of Austria’s demands, but not all of them. With the approval of the Kaiser William II of Germany, Austria issued an ultimatum to Serbia. After the assassination, Serbia and Austria quickly moved toward war.

11. TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. The war between Austria and Serbia soon drew the great powers into the conflict. Germany declared war on Russia. Serbia sought help from its ally Russia, which began to mobilize. Although Germany warned France to stay out of the conflict, France supported Russia.

12. TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. Britain, which had pledged to defend Belgium’s neutrality, declared war on Germany on August 4. Days later, Germany marched through Belgium and headed south to attack France. Germany declared war on France.

13. TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. At the onset, the war brought a renewed sense of patriotism. Patriotic fever helped governments divert attention from labor disputes or nationalist disturbances within their borders. Young men rushed to enlist in what seemed like an exciting adventure. But this sense of optimism would not last long.