1. Lesson 4 for the 24 th of July, 2010

2. MEMORY TEXT: “Therefore we conclude that a man is justified by faith without the deeds of the law” (Romans 3:28).

3. INTRODUCTION: In this lesson we come to the basic In this lesson we come to the basic theme of Romans: justification by faith. The phrase is a figure based on law. The transgressor of the law comes before a judge and is condemned to death for his transgressions. But a substitute appears and takes the transgressor’s crimes upon himself, thus clearing the criminal, who—by accepting the substitute—stands before the judge not only cleared of his guilt but regarded as never having committed the crimes for which he was first brought into court. And that’s because the substitute—who has a perfect record—offers the pardoned criminal his own perfect law- keeping. Thus, the guilty one stands before the judge as having never transgressed.

4. “Now we know that whatever the law says, it says to those who are under the law, so that every mouth may be silenced and the whole world held accountable to God. Therefore no-one will be declared righteous in his sight by observing the law; rather, through the law we become conscious of sin” Romans, 3: 19-20

5. The law is the Torah (the Pentateuch and, by extension, the Old Testament) It reveals sin and man’s guilt before God There is no way it can remove guilt or making us righteous before God It shows us the way to obtain forgiveness (for example: the sacrifice rites in the sanctuary) It shows God’s character WHAT IS THE LAW? WHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF THE LAW?

6. Paul is using the word law in its broad sense as the Jew in his day understood it. By the word Torah (the Hebrew word for “law”), a Jew even today thinks particularly of God’s instru- ction in the first five books of Moses but also more generally in the entire Old Testament. The moral law, plus the amplification of this in the statutes and judgments, as well as the ceremonial precepts, was a part of this instruction. Because of this, we may think of the law here as the system of Judaism.

7. To be under the law means to be under its jurisdiction. The law, however, reveals a person’s shortcomings and guilt before God. The law cannot remove that guilt; what it can do is lead the sinner to seek a remedy for it.

8. As we apply the book of Romans in our day, in which Jewish law is no longer a factor, we think of law particularly in terms of the moral law. This law can’t save us any more than the system of Judaism could save the Jews. To save a sinner is not the moral law’s function. Its function is to reveal God’s character and to show people wherein they fall short of reflecting that character.

9. Whatever law it is—moral, ceremonial, civil, or all combined—the keeping of any or all in and of itself will not make a person just in God’s sight. In fact, the law never was intended to do that. On the contrary, the law was to point out our short- comings and lead us to Christ. The law can no more save than can the symptoms of a disease cure the disease. The symptoms don’t cure; they point out the need for the cure. That’s how the law functions.

10. “But now a righteousness from God, apart from law, has been made known, to which the Law and the Prophets testify. This righteousness from God comes through faith in Jesus Christ to all who believe. There is no difference, for all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God” Romans, 3: 21-23

11. This new righteousness is contrasted with the right- eousness of the law, which was the righteousness with which the Jew was familiar. The new righteousness is called “the righteousness of God”; that is, a righteous- ness that comes from God, a righteousness that God pro- vides, and the only one that He accepts as true righteousness. This is, of course, the righteousness that Jesus wrought out in His life while here in human flesh, a righteousness that He offers to all who will accept it by faith, who will claim it for themselves, not because they deserve it but because they need it.

12. The law teaches that we all are sinners and we are divested of God’s glory. In addition, God showed the way he was going to save us since the Old Testament. Nevertheless, we couldn’t understand salvation completely until Jesus came. Although we are sinners, we can be saved by faith in Jesus.

13. Only the righteous —those who obey the law perfectly— can be accepted by God’s righteousness. No one of us is righteous nor can become righteous. Jesus lived a righteous live. That live is accepted by God. When a sinner accepts the sacrifice of Jesus by faith, God accepts Jesus’ perfect life instead of the sinner’s. Then, that sinner is declared righteous. GOD SINNER The sinner goes before God with his own “righteousness” REJECTED : The sinner doesn’t fulfill the righteousness that God demands (obeying the law) JESUS The sinner accepts Jesus by faith Jesus goes before God with his righteousness ACCEPTED : The righteousness of Jesus is accepted instead of the sinner’s

14. “and are justified freely by his grace through the redemption that came by Christ Jesus” Romans, 3: 24 We are justified when we are declared righteous before God. The way God has provided to declare us righteous is redemption through the death of Jesus. That declaration of righteousness has nothing to do with anything we could do; we don’t deserve it. We receive it only by grace, as a gift from God.

15. “God presented him as a sacrifice of atonement, through faith in his blood. He did this to demonstrate his justice, because in his forbearance he had left the sins committed beforehand unpunished– he did it to demonstrate his justice at the present time, so as to be just and the one who justifies those who have faith in Jesus. Where, then, is boasting? It is excluded. On what principle? On that of observing the law? No, but on that of faith” Romans, 3: 25-27

16. The atonement (“propitiation”) cover of the ark was placed between the glory of God (that appeared between the cherubs) and the law. Jesus comes between the sinner and God like that, so the divine righteousness is fulfilled and the sinner is accepted by his faith in Jesus. God is righteous, so that is the only way to fulfill divine righteousness and accept the sinner without breaking the law. PROPITIATION

17. “For we maintain that a man is justified by faith apart from observing the law” Romans, 3: 28 Deeds have nothing to do with justification, because we can’t do anything to be justified. We can only be justified by faith in the expiatory sacrifice of Christ. Does justification by faith exempt us from keeping the law? Certainly not; because if someone is forgiven, how could he keep sinning (sin is transgression of the law)?

18. Traffic laws say that you must stop before a red light. You go through a red light and you hit another car. Apart from paying for the damages caused, you’ll receive a traffic fine because you transgressed the traffic law. Then you send a letter to the Police Chief, accepting you made a mistake and asking him to forgive you. After some time, you don’t receive that traffic fine and you find out that someone destroyed your fine, and it’s like you never transgressed the law. AN OBJECT LESSON The Law of God indicates what we should and shouldn’t do, just like that. That’s for our own and others sake. When we transgress it, we suffer the consequences. When we cling to Jesus by faith and we ask him for forgiveness, our sins are removed by his grace. Only then, it’s like we have never sinned before God. We are not exempt from going through the red lights after that forgiveness, but we must keep observing the law (traffic and divine laws)

19. “Righteousness is obedience to the law. The law demands righteousness, and this the sinner owes to the law; but he is incapable of rendering it. The only way in which he can attain to righteousness is through faith. By faith he can bring to God the merits of Christ, and the Lord places the obedience of His Son to the sinner’s account. Christ’s righteousness is accepted in place of man’s failure, and God receives, pardons, justifies, the repentant, believing soul, treats him as though he were righteous, and loves him as He loves His Son.” E.G.W. (Selected Messages, vol. 1, p. 367)

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