2. September 22, 2001 Objective: Students will be able to analyze the key reformers of the Protestant Reformation Do Now: Create a poem about one of the key reformers of the Reformation (minimum of 4 lines) Agenda: Do Now Reformation PowerPoint Martin Luther Poster Project Closure Activity Homework: Martin Luther Project

4.  The Catholic Church was the only church in Medieval Europe  The Bible was only to be read by Priests or Bishops  Church Services were only in Latin.

5. If you went on a Crusade or a Pilgrimage you could earn time out of Purgatory You could buy a special letter from the Pope called an Indulgence which was like a get out of jail for free card but for Purgatory

6.  Prior to the Reformation most Christians were Roman Catholic  The [REFORM]ation was an attempt to REFORM the Catholic Church  People like Martin Luther wanted to get rid of the corruption and restore the people’s faith in the church

7.  In the end the reformers, like Luther, established their own religions  The Reformation caused a split in Christianity with the formation of these new Protestant religions

8.  100 Years War and Black Death  Scientific Advances which contradicted the Church  The Corruption within the Catholic Church  Indulgences-The selling of Documents for the Forgiveness of Sins

10.  Martin Luther  John Calvin  Henry VIII

11.  Lived from 1483-1546 in Germany  Father encouraged him to study law  A sudden religious experience inspired him to become a monk.

12. Martin Luther was a monk and all monks lives were revolved around community work, prayer, rest, and work in the monastery. A doctor of theology at the University of Wittenburg, Germany Luther argues that faith alone saves the human sinner In 1517, he nails his Ninety-Five Theses, which confronts the church and call for reform, on the door of the Wittenburg cathedral. Luther rejects all but two of the sacraments, baptism and holy communion.

13.  He became troubled over the possibility of not going to heaven  He turned to the Bible, and confession for comfort  In the Bible he found the answer he was looking for

14. *The Church is wrong to sell indulgencies which buy time out of Purgatory. *People should read the Bible in your own language and not Latin.

15. “The righteous shall by his faith.” Luther realized that only faith (in the ultimate goodness of Jesus), not good deeds, could save a person. No good works, rituals, etc. would save a person if they did not believe.

16.  A list of things he thought were wrong with the Catholic Church (95 Complaints)  He criticized:  The Power of the Pope  The Extreme Wealth of the Church  Indulgences (Catholic concept of Salvation)

17.  Gutenberg’s Printing Press made it possible for Luther to spread his beliefs  Posted his 95 Theses on Church doors in Germany  Gained support from people and criticism from Church

18. The first thing printed on Gutenberg’s press was the Bible. This is a picture of a page from one of Gutenberg’s Bibles.

19.  1520 Pope Leo X order Luther to give up his beliefs  The Diet of Worms  Luther burned the order and was excommunicated  Luther went into hiding where he translated the New Testament into German – spreading his beliefs even further

20.  He was the Pope during the height of the corruption

22.  Some Local German Churches accepted Luther’s ideas  Lutheranism was formed  Supported by German Princes who issued a formal “protest” against the Church for suppressing the reforms  The reformers came to be known as [PROTEST]ants - Protestants

23. “May little chickens dig out your eyes 100,000 times.” - Calvin speaking to another reformer whose ideas he disagreed with

24.  Anti-Catholic  Influenced by Martin Luther  Disagreed with Luther’s “Salvation through faith alone.”  Created his own Protestant religion in Switzerland

25.  Calvin believed in:  Salvation through Predestination  At birth it is decided if you will go to heaven or hell

26.  Foreknowledge  God knows everything that will happen in your life  Purified approach to life:  No drinking, swearing, card playing, gambling etc..

27. Puritan Huguenots Presbyterian

28. Henry VIII Dissent over divorce Wives of Henry 1 st -Catherine of Aragon 2 nd -Anne Boleyn 3 rd -Jane Seymour 4 th -Anne of Cleves 5 th -Catherine Howard 6 th -Catherine Parr The Anglican Church forms when Henry VIII of England divorces his first wife, is excommunicated by the Pope, and decides to break off from the Catholic church and form a new Church of England!

29.  Catherine of Aragon  Henry given permission from Pope to marry his brother’s widow  Catherine failed to produce a male heir, only had one surviving child – Mary I

30.  Henry wanted a divorce, but Pope Clement VII wouldn’t invalidate the marriage  Henry tried to get Church to do what he wanted…unsuccessful

31.  Henry proceeded to dissolve his ties to the Pope  ENGLISH REFORMATION – Henry VIII took control of the English clergy and had himself appointed the head of the Church of England  He divorced Catherine and married his lover Anne Boleyn

32. The Act of Annates 1532 Stopped all payment to the Catholic Church The Act of Appeals 1533 Ended Rome’s Religious hold on England The Act of Supremacy 1534 Made Henry VIII the head of the Church of England Executions Any subject who wouldn’t denounce the Catholic Church

33.  ANNE BOLEYN  Only had 1 surviving child – a daughter, Elizabeth I  Henry upset at not having a son, accused Anne of incest and adultery  Anne was brought to the Tower of London and executed

34.  Legend had it she had a sixth finger and a large mole or goiter on her neck  Anne’s sister Mary had been one of Henry’s earlier mistresses  Just prior to her execution, Anne’s marriage to Henry was dissolved and considered invalid

35.  JANE SEYMOUR  First came to the court in the service of Queen Catherine, later she waited on Anne Boleyn as she rose to Queen  Henry felt she was his first “true wife”  She died 2 weeks after giving birth to Henry’s only legitimate son – Edward  Only one of the 6 wives buried with him.

36.  ANNE OF CLEVES  Henry was single for 2 years after Jane died  Henry wanted a marriage for political reasons, to form an alliance between English Protestants and German Protestants  He chose Anne of Cleves  She was so unattractive however, Henry divorced her – he called her “Flanders Mare”

37.  CATHRYN HOWARD (cousin of Anne Boleyn)  Married her only 16 days after his divorce to Anne – he was 49, she was 19  They were ill-matched, he was gaining a lot of weight, and had an ulcerated leg – she was his “rose without a thorn”  Executed because he believed she had relations with another man before their marriage, which continued after their marriage

38.  CATHERINE PARR  Widowed twice before marrying Henry  Became a stabilizing mother figure in home – to Mary, Elizabeth and Edward  She outlived Henry – who died January 28, 1547  She married Jane Seymour’s bother Thomas after Henry’s death