1. Economic Research Department. Hong Kong Branch. 1 Carlos III 27 de marzo 2008 EU & Asia (China) Alicia Garcia Herrero

2. Economic Research Department. Hong Kong Branch. 2 01 Economic relations between EU & Asia 02 Economic relations between EU & China Trade FDI Policy Dialogue: ASEM & ASEAN 03 Conclusions EU & Asia (China) Índice

3. Economic Research Department. Hong Kong Branch. 3 EU-ASIA TRADE & INVESTMENT RELATIONS TRADE -EU-Asia Trade = 5% Total World Trade -In 2006, overall trade with Asian partners = 30% UE total trade (ahead of North America, 20%). -Three Asian countries in the top six of EU major trading partners; China (2), Asean (5) and Japan (6). Source: Eurostat.2000

4. Economic Research Department. Hong Kong Branch. 4 EU-ASIA TRADE & INVESTMENT RELATIONS INVESTMENT -Third-largest regional destination for outward investment from the EU, 15% of the total EU outward FDI stock in 2004. -Total EU FDI flows to Asia in 1999 amounted to some €18.8 billion, though this was still a relatively limited proportion of global EU FDI (Asia accounted for 6.8% of total EU outward FDI in 1999, compared to 67.5% going to the NAFTA countries, 15.1% going to Central and South America, and 7.5% to Europe outside the EU.

5. Economic Research Department. Hong Kong Branch. 5 01 Economic relations between EU & Asia 02 Economic relations between EU & China Trade FDI Policy Dialogue: ASEM & ASEAN 03 Conclusions EU & Asia (China) Índice

6. Economic Research Department. Hong Kong Branch. 6 EU25 TRADE WITH CHINA Source: Eurostat.

7. Economic Research Department. Hong Kong Branch. 7 Source: Eurostat. EU25 MERCHANDISE TRADE WITH CHINA EU25 TRADE IN SERVICES WITH CHINA EU25 TRADE WITH CHINA

8. Economic Research Department. Hong Kong Branch. 8 CHINA TRADE WITH EU25 Source: Eurostat.

9. Economic Research Department. Hong Kong Branch. 9 EU TRADE WITH MAIN PARTNERS Source: Eurostat.2006

10. Economic Research Department. Hong Kong Branch. 10 Source: Eurostat.2006 EU TRADE WITH MAIN PARTNERS

11. Economic Research Department. Hong Kong Branch. 11 STRUCTURE OF IMPORTS (%) EU TO THE WORLD EU TO CHINA Source: Eurostat.

12. Economic Research Department. Hong Kong Branch. 12 STRUCTURE OF IMPORTS (%) EU TO THE WORLD EU TO CHINA Source: Eurostat.

13. Economic Research Department. Hong Kong Branch. 13 EU25 TRADE WITH CHINA Source: Eurostat.

14. Economic Research Department. Hong Kong Branch. 14 EU25 FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT WITH CHINA EU25 FDI WITH CHINA FLOWS EU25 FDI WITH CHINA STOCKS Source: Eurostat.

15. Economic Research Department. Hong Kong Branch. 15 EU SUPPORT TO REGIONAL INTEGRATION ASEM ( ASIA-EUROPE MEETING) - Main multilateral instrument for the communication with Asia - Established in 1996 - EU27 AND thirteen Asian countries (India, Mongolia, Pakistan, Brunei, Burma/Myanmar, China, Cambodia, Indonesia, Japan, South Korea, Malaysia, Laos, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam) participate in the process. - ACTIVITIES: Biennial ASEM Summits, Mnisterial and working-level meetings, activies on political, aconomical and cultural subjects, Asia-Europe Foundation (ASEF) - MAIN CHARACTERISTICS Informal: Open Forum for policy makers and officials to discuss any issue, complementary to bilateral and multilateral for a. Multidimensional: Same Weight to Economic, Political and Cultural Issues Equal Partnership: Dialogue and cooperation, mutual respect and benefit. High Level (Heads of State or Government, Ministers and Senior Officials), fostering people-to-people contacts in all sectors of society.

16. Economic Research Department. Hong Kong Branch. 16 EU SUPPORT TO REGIONAL INTEGRATION ASEM ( ASIA-EUROPE MEETING) Three main actions proposed -ASEM DIALOGUE FACILITY: Economic and Financial Matters, Employment and Social Policy, Environment, Cultural Diversity Promotion and Intercultural Dialogues. - ASEF PROGRAMME (Asia Europe Foundation) : Promote intellectual, cultural and people to people exchange focused on civil societies in Asia and Europe. -TEIN (Trans Eurasia Information Network Phase 3): Connect research networks in Asia and Europe by linking EU’s GEANT, the pan-european gigabit research network. It will promote information exchanges in research and development and education.

17. Economic Research Department. Hong Kong Branch. 17 EU SUPPORT TO REGIONAL INTEGRATION ASEAN ( Association of South-East Asian Nations ) - Established in 1967. - Member countries: Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Brunei, Vietnam, Lao PDR, Myanmar and Cambodia - Main Aims and Purposes of ASEAN: Accelerate economic growth, social progress and cultural development in the region and to promote regional peace and stability. - EU encourage ASEAN’s integration and its efforts to involve other countries in dialogue and co-operation concentrated on three focal areas: 1.Regional Capacity Building and Region to Region Dialogues (trade, security, environment, energy…) 2.Statistical Cooperation 3.Cooperation and Policy Reform in the Field of Security

18. Economic Research Department. Hong Kong Branch. 18 01 Economic relations between EU & Asia 02 Economic relations between EU & China Trade FDI Policy Dialogue: ASEM & ASEAN 03 Conclusions EU & Asia (China) Índice

19. Economic Research Department. Hong Kong Branch. 19 China is still not fully open to competition After 2001 admission to WTO, still some tariffs remain… …but mainly non tariff barriers in China

20. Economic Research Department. Hong Kong Branch. 20 This is costly for the rest of the world but also for China Cost of Non-Tariff Barriers 12.4 $Billion in traded goods 8.9 $Billion in services TOTAL = 21.4 $Billion Looking at trade data, unbalanced trade may hurt China

21. Economic Research Department. Hong Kong Branch. 21 CHINESE MARKET OBSTACLES CONSEQUENCES Imbalances the Economy (distortion of prices, overproduction…) Domestic Consumption depressed by lack of availability reasonably priced high quality foreign goods and services Europe should engage China in improving quality standards and, more generally, complying with international rules

22. Economic Research Department. Hong Kong Branch. 22 WIN-WIN APPROACH China needs sustainable growth - + Value Added Manufacturing - Services - SMEs/Private Sector - Restructuring Financial Sector - Higher Consumer Spending EU as a provider; EU exports more to Switzerland than to China (86bn vs 63bn in 2005) Long Term, reciprocal and mutually beneficial trade benefits

23. Economic Research Department. Hong Kong Branch. 23 Fecha “ Muchas Gracias ” Lugar