1.  Using Hydraulic Systems

2. NEXT GENERATION / COMMON CORE STANDARDS ADDRESSED! CCSS.ELA Literacy RST.9 10.1 Cite specific textual evidence to support analysis of science and technical texts, attending to the precise details of explanations or descriptions. CCSS.E L A Literacy RST. 11-12.1 Cite specific textual evidence to support analysis of science and technical texts, attending to important distinctions the author makes and to any gaps or inconsistencies in the account. CCSS.ELA Literacy.RST.9 ‐ 10.3 Follow precisely a complex multistep procedure when carrying out experiments, taking measurements, or performing technical tasks, attending to special cases or exceptions defined in the text. CCSS.E LALiteracy.RST.11 ‐ 12.3 Follow precisely a complex multistep procedure when carrying out experiments, taking measurements, or performing technical tasks; analyze the specific results based on explanations in the text

3. STUDENT LEARNING OBJECTIVES / BELL WORK!  Define hydraulics and explain its major operating systems.  Discuss the basic principles of hydraulics.  Describe the primary components of a hydraulic system.  Describe the advantages and disadvantages of hydraulic systems.

4.  Hydraulic actuator  Hydraulics  Hydrodynamics  Hydrostatics  Law of Conservation of Energy  Linear actuator TERMS  Connectors  Cycle time  Directional control valve  Energy  Filter  Flow rate

5. TERMS (CONTINUED)  Pressure gauge  Pressure relief valve  Prime mover  Pump  Reservoir  Rotary actuator  Strainer  Micron  Multiplication of force  Pascal’s Law  Piping  Positive displacement pump

6. INTEREST APPROACH  Have you ever used a floor jack or driven an automobile equipped with power brakes or power steering?

7. HYDRAULICS  A branch of physics dealing with the mechanical properties and practical applications of fluids in motion  Hydraulic systems do not create power. They transfer power from an outside source  Prime mover – the outside source of power

8. HYDRODYNAMICS  The use of liquids at high flow and low pressure to perform work

9. HYDROSTATICS  Use of liquids at high pressure and low flow to perform work

10. PASCAL’S LAW  Pressure applied to a confined fluid is transmitted undiminished in all directions

11. APPLICATION OF PASCAL’S LAW

12. MULTIPLICATION OF FORCE  The hydraulic system takes a small input force and transforms it into a larger output force

13. CYCLE TIME  The amount of time required for one complete set of operations to occur.  Flow rate – the measure of how many gallons per minute of hydraulic fluid would run into a container.

14. LAW OF CONSERVATION OF ENERGY  Energy may be changed from one form to another, but it cannot either be created or destroyed  Energy – the capacity to do work

15. COMPONENTS OF A HYDRAULIC SYSTEM  Reservoir – supplies oil to the hydraulic pump and stores oil that returns after passing through the hydraulic circuit  Strainer – directs the hydraulic oil in a straight line through an element made of metal screens attached to a metal core  Filter – directs hydraulic oil through one of more layers of a porous elements that may trap particles  Micron – equal to 39 millionths of an inch

16. PRIMARY COMPONENTS OF A HYDRAULIC SYSTEM

17. COMPONENTS (CONTINUED)  Pump – causes hydraulic oil to flow through the circuit  Positive displacement pump – delivers the same volume of oil per cycle regardless of the pressure at the pump outlet  Pressure gauge – measure and shows the pressure being produced in a hydraulic system.

18. A BOURDOIN TUBE PRESSURE GAUGE

19. COMPONENTS (CONTINUED)  Directional control valve – controls the operation of the system’s cylinder sand motors by direction the flow of the fluid in the system

20. PRIMARY PARTS OF A TYPICAL CYLINDER

21. COMPONENTS (CONTINUED)  Hydraulic actuator – converts fluid energy into mechanical energy  Linear actuator – the output of the cylinder occurs in a straight-line manner  Rotary actuator – produces a rotating output force

22. COMPONENTS (CONTINUED)  Piping – fluid conducting lines that connect various components of a hydraulic system  Connectors – used to join one piece of piping to another, or to hydraulic system components

23. ADVANTAGES OF HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS  Increased flexibility  Variable speed  Multiplication of force  Reduced wear  Reversibility

24. DISADVANTAGES OF HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS  High pressure  Need for cleanliness  Safety hazards

25. REVIEW/SUMMARY  What is hydraulics and what are its major operating systems?  What principles govern the use of hydraulics?  What are the primary components of a hydraulic system?  What are the advantages and disadvantages associated with hydraulic systems?

26. THE END!