1. Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology Fifth edition Seeley, Stephens and Tate Slide 2.1 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Chapter 7: Muscular System

2. Types of Ordinary Body Movements Slide 6.32 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings  Flexion  Extension  Rotation  Abduction  Circumduction

3. Body Movements Slide 6.33 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 6.13

4. Special Movements Slide 6.34 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings  Dorsiflexion: toes point “up”  Plantar flexion: toes point “down”  Inversion: soles of feet “in”  Eversion: soles of feet “out”  Supination: face or palm “up”  Pronation: face or palm “down”

5. Functions of Muscles Slide 6.35 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings  Prime mover – muscle with the major responsibility for a certain movement  Antagonist – muscle that opposes or reverses a prime mover

6. Functions of Muscles Slide 6.35 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings  Synergist – muscle that aids a prime mover in a movement and helps prevent rotation  Fixator – stabilizes the origin of a prime mover

7. Naming of Skeletal Muscles Slide 6.36a Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings  Direction of muscle fibers  Example: rectus (straight)  Relative size of the muscle  Example: maximus (largest)

8. Naming of Skeletal Muscles Slide 6.36b Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings  Location of the muscle  Example: many muscles are named for bones (e.g., temporalis)  Number of origins  Example: triceps (three heads)

9. Naming of Skeletal Muscles Slide 6.37 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings  Attachments of muscle  Example: sterno (origin on the sternum)  Shape of the muscle  Example: deltoid (triangular)  Action of the muscle  Example: flexor and extensor (flexes or extends a bone)