1. E. Hosseini Aria & R. Ahooee Islamic Azad University, Iran

2.  Introduction and Applications Introduction and Applications  Data integration architecture and strategy Data integration architecture and strategy  Location referencing system and its data characteristics Location referencing system and its data characteristics  Implementation Implementation

3.  Department of Transportation (DOT)

4.  Highway infrastructure

6.  Role of GIS in Transportation Transportation is one of the most important and growing applications of GIS GIS Transportation GIS-T

7.  precisely count and locate  monitor their conditions  track changes over time  find unwarranted or “exception” signs and other equipment  help to determine whether additional signs needed  report generation from the database  monitor field maintenance and replacement programs

8. Mashhad, Iran

9. An enterprise level of GIS-T that covering 300 Km of the city ways Place

10.  Transportation network data is complex since it is often multi-modal, exists across many different jurisdictions and has different logical views depending on the particular user  Transportation entities  physical descriptions  logical relationships with other transportation entities. Transportation entities virtual world real world

11. LogicalPhysical Real Legal definitions - Route - State trunk network - County trunk network - Street network - Political boundary Actual facilities - Highways - Roads - Interchanges - Intersections Virtual Data structures - Networks - Chains - Links - Nodes - Lattices Data values - Lines - Points - Polylines - Polygons - Attributes

12.  Transportation Networks in a GIS: The Node-arc Model  The most common logical data model used to support the node-arc representation is the relational model.

13.  two coordinate methods (latitude/longitude)  three-coordinate methods (latitude/longitude/altitude)  one-coordinate methods

14.  Kilometer point method  Kilometer post method  Reference point method  References post method  Link node method

15.  Reference point method

16.  Accuracy  road asset/event locations accuracy = ±3 to 5 meters (at 90% confidence)  the maximum reference section distance should be no longer than 8 km.  Resolution  Is closely related to the scale.  1:2000  Precisian

17.  the central element of the multimodal GIS-T Data Model considered as a transportation feature After determining reference points in the field, crews were performing length measurement for each event/asset related to a reference point and writing down attributes of that event/asset in inventory forms.

18.  transportation feature identification Exp: the number 18203822 determines the path between the junctions 1820 and 3822. Therefore in relational database, a field has been added for all linear transportation features that identify a path between two junctions.

19.  Transportation feature database design  roadways (corridors)  cross section elements  Sidewalks  urban furniture  lining  Grates of infrastructures  special problem (line & point data)  public transit data  special land use on network  lighting  junction  These data include information about transportation features and non-transportation features that affect on traffic.