1. Jump to first page Southeast Asian Literature Philippines, Vietnamese, Indonesian, Thailand, Burma, Laos

2. Jump to first page n Introductions n Role of Literature in the community that reads them n Different Genres n Themes n Highlights from the different countries

3. Jump to first page Topics of Discussion n Roles u Literature is Education u Literature is Hope u Literature is a subversive act

4. Jump to first page Literature is Hope n “Even in hopelessness there is hope” (Prof. Grant Olson) u Poem (Burma) “Let’s Go to Tahiti” u Short Story (Vietnamese) To Live u Novel (Philippines) Noli Me Tangere n “Writers hope to bring the spirit of reform into all spheres of life”

5. Jump to first page Literature is Education n Living History n Gives a voice to the people n Conveys quality of life n Geography - Rural vs. Urban n Shows people land and relate to it

6. Jump to first page n Demonstrate in Culture n Shows how complex everything is n Pictures ethnic conflict

7. Jump to first page Literature is Education n Explores relationship between Men and Women and identifies gender role n Political Power and its corruption

8. Jump to first page Literature is a Subversive Act n A medium for change n Writers and Readers alike join in the act n Promotes Social Responsibility and Social Consciousness

9. Jump to first page Genres n Traditional Oral Literature- Folktales, Proverbs, Riddles, legends n Religious Narratives and Literature- Buddhist Codes and verses, Jataka Tales n Narrative Poetry - Epic Stories

10. Jump to first page n Non-narrative Poetry - songs, love poems etc. n Historical Novels n Contemporary Literature - novels, short stories, poems,

11. Jump to first page Themes n Animals and Forest n Supernatural/Mythical Beings and their journeys n Gender Roles

12. Jump to first page n Strong Familial Relationship, loyalty and Identity, Ethnocentricity n Prostitution n Rural vs. Urban

13. Jump to first page n Poignancy of Love Relationship n Wheels of Fate n Importance of Reciprocity n Struggles between humanity and poverty

14. Jump to first page n Strength of Human Character n Political Corruption n Nationalism and anti-colonialism

15. Jump to first page Other themes n Fortune Telling n Karma, Justice, Responsibility and Retribution n Nature, Society, and Humanity uniting together

16. Jump to first page n Sadness of life n River is life and society n the will to love

17. Jump to first page Philippines n Literature based on expressive Culture u epics u myths u legends, tales u riddles, proverbs and rituals u balagtasan

18. Jump to first page Philippine Epics n Cultural Values and Universal Themes of Epic Poetry u Miraculous birth of the hero u his precocious strength u magical powers

19. Jump to first page u herculean deeds u extraterestial journeys to the underworld and sky world u his death and resuscitation

20. Jump to first page n Epic of Romance n Epic of Migration

21. Jump to first page Vietnam Literature n Rich, varied expressing over the centuries. n Depicts humor, realism, and irony of the Vietnamese people

22. Jump to first page Themes n Oriental Philosophy - a system that harmonizes the natural and social world that includes humanity in the center uniting with nature and society.

23. Jump to first page n Oriental Philosophy discovered not only the three directions of time (past, present, future) but also a 4th direction - the direction of spiritual life.

24. Jump to first page Oriental Philosophy that Influence Vn Literature u Buddhism u Confucianism u Taoism - that is mainly a combination of folk beliefs and high regard of nature u Animism (10th Century - where strong winds, the waters, and the mountain were worshipped

25. Jump to first page Principal Tenets of this 4 Oriental Philosophy n “Nature and society and humanity unite with one another in a harmony of beauty. The link of human generations and thousands of living creatures never ends. (Phuc Cu De, 1999)

26. Jump to first page n NONE turns HAVE - NONE means endless, boundless, immense, infinite, numberless in moving and changing movements and the developing process of everything.

27. Jump to first page n HAVE is not simply possessive in meaning but it means the limitation of changing and the developing process ofeverything. (Phuc Cu De, 1999)

28. Jump to first page n Man = Great Universe = Great Nature and Society n “Nature, Society, and Humanity Unite with one Another in a harmony of beauty.” n “The link of human generations and thousand of living creatures never ends.”

29. Jump to first page Genres n Anonymous Literature (Oral) u Legends u Proverbs u Songs that depicts aspects of traditional society

30. Jump to first page n Folk Literature (17th and 18th century) u Fables u Satirical and narrative poems u Verse Novels

31. Jump to first page u Verse Novels F first verse has 6 feet F 2nd verse has 8 feet F 6th character of the second verse rhymes with the last character of the first verse F these novels are recited and sung from village to village

32. Jump to first page u Texts indicate chinese influence, chinese characters (Tom language) and chinese conception of literary style

33. Jump to first page n Modern Literature - texts are evidence of realism as a repurcussion of 30+ of war it also shows a literary dichotomy created by the partition of Vietnam in 1954. n “Through literature, writers hoped to bring the spirit of reform into all spheres of Vietnamese life.”

34. Jump to first page Thailand n Religion u Jataka Tales a.k.a Aesops Fables u Fate and Karma u Buddhist Concepts of Merit and Demerit u The Theme of Rice - gather as much as you need for one day

35. Jump to first page Indonesian n Ramayana - The Journey of Rama u Purpose: To conquer evil with good u Important Notions: Meditation, Power of Language, Hierarchy/caste

36. Jump to first page Laos n Secular texts - much richer than religious texts u popular and classical lietrature are well known at all levels of society although authors names are unknown and texts are undated and undatable F 1. Stories, legends and poem of oral tradition are satirical in tone F Stories called sysva have strong moral and education content

37. Jump to first page F 3. Tales that comment on the naivety of the peasantry, the greediness of the wealthy and the demands of the royalty F 4. Judicial stories which include commentaries on ancient Lao codes F 5. Historical Legends - e.g. History of Khun Purom which recount the legendary migration of the Tai Peoples from China to Luang Prabang

38. Jump to first page F 6. Poetry that are predominantly Buddhist and inspired to the licentious F 7. Classical Lao Literature - written in prose and verse form, lenghty and not original. Themes include handsome priest, the heroin is a beautiful princess and the antagonist a demon. There is also a Lao version of the Ramayana

39. Jump to first page Burma n Buddhism n Anti-government, expose’ of government corruption